Poland: Fertility decline as a response to profound societal and labour market changes?

Kotowska, Irena E.; Jóźwiak, Janina; Matysiak, Anna; Baranowska, Anna

doi:10.4054/demres.2008.19.22

Cited by 121 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This period also saw a change in the timing of work and family so that women became increasingly likely to establish a role in the labour market prior to childbearing, instead of entering parenthood first and the labour market later (Ni Bhrolchaín 1986). It is not possible to say from available data whether there is a causal relationship between the two trends, since postponement and childlessness could both be regarded as manifestations of underlying changes in women's lives, most notably opportunities for women to develop a career (Kotowska et al 2008;Matysiak and Vignoli 2008), the availability of reliable contraception (Murphy 1993), and increased partnership postponement and instability (Hobcraft and Kiernan 1995;Thomson et al 2012). Underlying this is an enduring incompatibility in our cohorts between the demands of a high-level career and family life for women.…”

Section: Educational Differentials In Childlessnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational differences in timing and quantum of childbearing in Britain

Berrington¹,

Stone²,

Beaujouan³

2015

DemRes

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BACKGROUNDIncreased postponement of fertility, especially among higher-educated women, means it is important to know whether women recuperate births at older ages, but evidence for the UK is lacking. The extent to which the timing and quantum of mothers' fertility underlie the strong educational gradient in completed family size is also unclear. OBJECTIVEWe investigate the relative contributions of childlessness, timing, and quantum to educational differences in completed fertility within cohorts born between 1940 and 1969. METHODSWe analyse retrospective fertility histories from 44,351 women, born 1940−1969, interviewed in the British General Household Survey (1979 and the UK Household Longitudinal Study (2009−2010). After describing educational differences in the timing of first birth and parity distributions, we quantify the relative contributions of childlessness, delayed entry into motherhood, and fertility rates conditional upon age at entry into motherhood, to educational differences in completed family size. RESULTSWithin each cohort, the educational gradient in completed family size is explained, in demographic accounting terms, almost entirely by educational differences in the proportions remaining childless and the age distribution of mothers at entry into motherhood. Conditional upon age at entry into motherhood, subsequent fertility rates are similar across educational groups and across cohorts. CONCLUSIONSUnlike for some other European countries, the postponement of motherhood to later ages in Britain has not resulted in a significant increase in childbearing among moreeducated women who enter motherhood at later ages. The stability of aggregate measures of completed fertility in Britain is not the result of a straightforward process of postponement followed by recuperation.

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Section: Educational Differentials In Childlessnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational differences in timing and quantum of childbearing in Britain

Berrington¹,

Stone²,

Beaujouan³

2015

DemRes

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“…Neyer and Andersson (2008) highlight the analytical usefulness of studying cases in which many similarities are offset by a major difference in context. In the cases of Armenia and Moldova, both had similar economic and 1 See, for example, Bulgaria: Bühler and Philipov (2005), Philipov et al (2006), Philipov and Jasilioniene (2007); Czech Republic: Kantorová (2004), Klasen and Launov (2006), Sobotka (2003); Hungary: Oláh and Fratczak (2004), Philipov et al (2006), Spéder (2006; Poland: Bühler and Fratczak (2007), Kotowska et al (2008); Romania: Muresan andHoem (2009), Rotariu (2006); Slovakia: Potančoková et al (2008); Slovenia : Stropnik and Šircelj (2008 (Katus 2000;Klesment and Puur 2010), Lithuania (Stankuniene and Jasilioniene 2008) and in a few Central Asian Republics (Agadjanian et al 2008;Agadjanian and Makarova 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second and Third Births in Armenia and Moldova: An Economic Perspective of Recent Behaviour and Current Preferences

Billingsley¹

2011

Eur J Population

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International audienceLittle is known about fertility in Armenia and Moldova, the two countries that have both, according to national statistics, experienced very low levels of fertility during the dramatic economic, social and political restructuring in the last two decades. This article fills this gap and explores recent fertility behaviour and current fertility preferences using 2005 Demographic and Health Survey data. Educational differences in fertility decline and the association between socioeconomic indicators and fertility preferences are considered from an economic perspective. Special emphasis is given to determining whether and how diverging economic conditions in the two countries as well as crisis conditions may have influenced fertility. Second parity progression ratios (PPR) reveal a positive relationship between the degree of decline from 1990 to 2005 and education, whereas third PPR declines appear the greatest for women with both the lowest and highest education. In both countries, logistic regression results suggest that working women are more likely to want a second child, as well as want the child sooner university than later in Armenia, and the wealthiest women in Armenia have a higher odds of wanting a third child. Dual-jobless couples are less likely to want a second child in Moldova and more likely to postpone the next child in Armenia. These findings offer some insight into the shifts in fertility behaviour in these two post-Soviet countries and suggest that despite diverging economic trajectories and a lessening commitment to the two-child norm in Moldova, determinants of fertility behaviour and preferences have remained similar in both countries

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“…There are a number of studies examining recent marital and fertility changes in Central and Eastern Europe (for example, Conrad et al 1996;Kučera et al 2000;Macura 2000;Kohler and Kohler 2002;Sobotka 2002;Philipov and Dorbritz 2003;Sobotka 2004;Perelli-Harris 2005;Kotowska et al 2008;Sobotka et al 2008;Zakharov 2008;Thornton and Philipov 2009). However, the post-Soviet republics of Central Asia have been relatively neglected in the demographic literature (Gentile 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Through Civil War, Food Crisis and Drought: Trends in Fertility and Nuptiality in Post-Soviet Tajikistan

2010

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This article has two objectives. First, it aims to complement and extend existing research on post-socialist demographic change, which has thus far tended to focus on Central and Eastern Europe. It does this by describing the nature of postSoviet trends in nuptiality and fertility in Tajikistan, the republic with the highest rate of population growth during the Soviet period. It finds evidence for a decrease in period fertility after independence: initially, through a decline at higher orders; then, through a significant decrease in the rate of first births, associated with a dramatic decrease in the rate of first union formation since the mid-1990s. Second, it aims to contribute to the demography of conflict and of food crisis. Most clearly, it finds strong evidence for a decrease in nuptiality and fertility associated with the 1995 food crisis.Keywords Post-Soviet Á Central Asia Á Tajikistan Á Fertility Á Union formation Á Civil war Á Food crisis Résumé Cet article a deux objectifs. Premièrement, il contribue à enrichir et élargir les recherches relatives aux changements démographiques observés au cours de la période post-socialiste, focalisées jusqu'à présent sur l'Europe Centrale et Orientale, en décrivant les caractéristiques des évolutions post-soviétiques de la nuptialité et de la fécondité au Tadjikistan, République ayant eu le taux de croissance de la population le plus élevé au cours de la période soviétique. Après l'indépendance, le déclin de la fécondité transversale a d'abord débuté par une baisse des naissances de rangs élevés, puis a continué avec une baisse du taux des naissances de premier rang associée à une chute dramatique du taux de formation de la première union depuis le

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Poland: Fertility decline as a response to profound societal and labour market changes?

Cited by 121 publications

References 17 publications

Educational differences in timing and quantum of childbearing in Britain

Educational differences in timing and quantum of childbearing in Britain

Second and Third Births in Armenia and Moldova: An Economic Perspective of Recent Behaviour and Current Preferences

Through Civil War, Food Crisis and Drought: Trends in Fertility and Nuptiality in Post-Soviet Tajikistan

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