Plasmonic ELISA for Sensitive Detection of Disease Biomarkers with a Smart Phone-Based Reader

Abstract

Serum myoglobin is one of the earliest markers for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. It is, therefore, critical to develop a point-of-care testing technology for myoglobin detection. In this work, we reported a sensitive plasmonic immunoassay-based on enzyme-mediated localized surface plasmon resonance change of gold nanorods for the point-of-care testing detection of myoglobin. In addition, we developed a novel plasmonic immunoassay reader using the ambient light sensor of smart phone to increase the accessibility and utility of the plasmonic immunoassay. The linear detection range of gold nanorods-based plasmonic immunoassay for myoglobin detection was 0.1–1000 ng mL−1 and the limit of detection was 0.057 ng mL−1. Myoglobin in serum samples was also analyzed by the plasmonic immunoassay. The results were significantly correlated with those of conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The plasmonic immunoassay, coupled with smart phone-based reader, could be widely used for point-of-care testing application of acute myocardial infarction, especially in the regions with limited technological resources.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s11671-018-2806-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Signal-Enhanced Detection of Multiplexed Cardiac Biomarkers by a Paper-Based Fluorogenic Immunodevice Integrated with Zinc Oxide Nanowires

“…When AMI occurs, the concentration of biomarkers in blood for myocardial injury increase sharply, such as human heart-type fatty acid binding protein (FABP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and myoglobin. − It is often necessary to simultaneously detect several biomarkers to produce meaningful or conclusive information, which ensures an accurate diagnosis and reduced patient risk . Current techniques for monitoring AMI include ELISA, electrochemiluminescence, and surface plasmon resonance. − These tests can be performed only in hospitals or specialized diagnostic centers and require professional operation and bulky instrumentation, which prevents many people from getting a timely diagnosis. These tests also cannot detect several cardiac biomarkers simultaneously.…”

The Microbiome Meets Nanotechnology: Opportunities and Challenges in Developing New Diagnostic Devices

“…Moreover, smartphones can convert qualitative measurements (e.g., those from LFAs or plasmonic biosensors) into semi‐quantitative measurements, and translate the complex readout signals of multiplexed sensors into more comprehensible results (see Figure 2B). [ 132 ]…”

“…However, it is envisaged its integration along with smartphones and microfluidic devices for its use in in-field measurements of human fluids such as urine, blood or plasma. [132][133][134]…”

“…Moreover, smartphones can convert qualitative measurements (e.g., those from LFAs or plasmonic biosensors) into semi-quantitative measurements, and translate the complex readout signals of multiplexed sensors into more comprehensible results (see Figure 2B). [132] Finally, given that detection of microbiome-related biomarkers involves treatment of very small samples from diverse matrices (e.g., blood, saliva, urine and stool), we feel that automated processing of samples within diagnostic devices would greatly facilitate PoC use. This can be done with lab-on-a-chip technology.…”

A biomimetic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BELISA) for the analysis of gonadorelin by using molecularly imprinted polymer-coated microplates

“…[2]. As a result, the term ELISA now refers to a wide range of micro-welled plate assays, some of which do not involve enzymatic reactions [3][4][5] and/or immune complex formation [6,7]. Since current research interest is dictated by the requirement of greater throughput and sensitivity alternatives, as well as cheaper, conventional immunoassays could gradually be replaced by abiotic ELISAs.…”