Phytochemical studies, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Scyphocephalium ochocoa Warb. (Myristicaceae), medicinal plant from Gabon

Abstract

Background: The search for new anti-cancer molecules is one of the main concerns of oncology researchers. Scyphocephalium ochocoa is a plant of Myristicaceae family, used in traditional medicine against inflammatory diseases and several types of cancer. It is well established that free radicals, chronic inflammation and angiogenesis play an important role in initiation, tumor progression and metastasis formation. The aim of this study was to carry out a phytochemical screening, to determine the phenolic compounds content, to investigate the antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of water, water-ethanol and ethanol extracts of S. ochocoa. Methods: Phytochemical screening and determination of phenolic compounds content were performed using standard methods. Antiangiogenic activity was assessed using chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model and Drabkin test. Anti-inflammatory activity was estimated by protein denaturation and erythrocyte membrane stabilization method. Finally the antioxidant activity was appreciated by DPPH radical inhibition and phosphomolybdenum assay. Results: The results of phytochemical studies show that extracts of bark of S. ochocoa are rich in polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, proantocyanidins, saponosides, flavonols, flavanonols, sterol and triterpenes. The water extract showed good antiangiogenic activity (IC 50 = 1.153 μg/mL). Strong anti-inflammatory activity was observed with all extracts, IC 50 ranging from 34.775 ± 2.543 μg/mL to 74.577 ± 3.456 μg/mL for protein denaturation inhibition test and IC 50 values ranging from 36.793 ± 0.529 μg/mL at 48.912 ± 0.957 μg/mL for antihemolytic activity. In addition, all extracts showed good antioxidant activity marked by a strong inhibition of the DPPH radical (IC 50 ranging from 4.969 ± 0.263 μg/mL to 16.188 ± 0.336 μg/mL and AAI ranging from 3.090 ± 0.065 to 10.080 ± 0.517) and by greater total antioxidant capacity (with contents ranging from 37.654 ± 0.995 to 131.302 ± 1.102 VtCE (mg)/g dry extract).

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Justicia secunda Vahl leaf extract using in vitro and in vivo inflammation models

“…These data indicate that MEJSL could contain an anti-inflammatory property. Previous studies have demonstrated that plant extracts with antiinflammatory property possess the capacity to inhibit protein denaturation and stabilize cell membrane against lysis [27,28]. Protein denaturation is a biochemical reaction that occurs during chronic inflammatory response which could result into loss of tissue function [29,30].…”

Nutmegs and wild nutmegs: An update on ethnomedicines, phytochemicals, pharmacology, and toxicity of the Myristicaceae species

“…Out of three in vivo studies, one used chloroform extract (Olajide et al, 1999), one exhibited gastric mucosal ulceration with seed oil and indomethacin (Olajide et al, 2000) while the other was conducted only on male mice (Carvalho et al, 1999). In vitro assay of antiinflammatory activity was carried out with only extracts (Ngoua‐Meye‐Misso et al, 2018), whereas reviewed references lacked effective concentration of Kombo butter of Pycnanthus angolensis (Gustafson et al, 2013) and biomarkers of Knema glauca (Rangkaew et al, 2009).…”

Biological Properties and Phytochemical Analysis of Fractions and Total Extracts of Cylicodiscus gabunensis Harms and Morinda lucida Benth

“…The total phenol content of the crude extracts or fractions was determined by the method of Folin-Ciocalteu [18]. The absorption is read spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 735 nm.…”