Phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Securidaca longepedunculata on selected pathogens

Abstract

Securidaca longepedunculata family Polygalaceae is a tropically distributed medicinal plant. Antibacterial activity of chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts of the roots and leaves of the plant against some selected microorganisms were shown using standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The plants extracts showed inhibitory activity against the tested organisms. The diameter of zones of inhibition exhibited by all the extracts was between 15 and 20 mm. The methanol and the chloroform extracts of the leaves compared favorably with ampliclox capsule used as a standard control. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts ranged from 0.591 to 6.25 mg/ml while the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) ranged from 1.56 to 6.25 mg/ml. Chromatography of methanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves revealed two major spot. The phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, steroids, balsams and reducing sugars. The study scientifically validates the use of this plant in traditional and ethnomedicine and these extracts may be a potential source of future antibacterial drugs against enteric organisms.

Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Crude Extracts of Three Togolese Medicinal Plants Against Esbl Klebsiella Pneumoniae Strains

“…Karou et al, (2012) showed that the hydroethanolic root extract of this plant exhibited MIC about 900µg/ml on Klebsiella pneumoniae CIP 52144 ESBL negative. According to Ndamitso et al (2013), E. coli strains were susceptible to roots aqueous extracts. The plant leaves extracts were more active against several Gram negative strains.…”

Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Balanites aegyptiaca, Securidaca longepedunculata and Acacia gourmaensis Used against Seed-borne Fungi in Burkina Faso

“…It has been demonstrated that condensed tannins have more antimicrobial properties [25]. Previous studies revealed the presence of tannin only in Securidaca longepedunculata leaves extracts [16,26]. However, tannin is seldom found in Balanites aegyptiaca extract [13,27].…”

“…It is commonly used as a medicine in many parts of Africa for the treatment of rheumatic conditions, fever, headache and various other inflammatory conditions [14]. Dried roots powder is also used as a pest control agent in storage, and methanol extracts of the roots have the potential to protect against insect pests and microbial agents [15,16].…”

Securidaca longipedunculata Fresen (Polygalaceae): A review of its ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and toxicology

“…In a recent disc diffusion study, the aqueous leaf extract yielded zones of inhibition (ZI) of 15 mm against both Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi, while the chloroform leaf extracts exhibited a ZI of 18 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a concentration of 7.5 mg/disc (Ndamitso et al, 2013 (Musa et al, 2013). Adebayo and Osman (2012) reported a ZI of 15.10 mm by the ethanol extracts of the root bark at a concentration of 100 mg/ml.…”