Phytochemical analysis of Phyllanthus niruri L. (Phyllanthaceae) extracts collected in four geographical areas in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Objective: The aim of the present study was to obtain an optimized formula of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) extract tablets that fulfilled the requirements as a good pharmaceutical preparation based on Indonesian Pharmacopoeia IV and USP XVII.Methods: P. niruri plant was collected and determined at the Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy, Universitas Padjadjaran. First performed phytochemical screening to determine the content of secondary metabolites. Then designed five kinds of tablet formulas of P. niruri extract using a direct compressed method with a variation of concentration of filler. Each formula contains a similar concentration of P. niruri extract as the active ingredient, avicel PH 102 and amprotab with varying concentrations as filler, talcum, and magnesium stearate as a lubricant and Aerosil®200 vv as an adsorbent. Tablet print mass and quality of the resulting tablets were then evaluated. Also, check whether the resulting tablets still contain P. niruri extract as the active substance or not.Results: The results of phytochemical screening of simplicia and viscous plant extract showed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids as secondary metabolites. The five formulas made contain avicel PH 102 and amprotab as binders and crushers and the expected results such as shape and durability as desired. The results of examination of shrinkage rate of mass drying of tablet prints from the above five formulas indicated an increase of value from formula A (5.4609 %) to formula E (5.8600%). This was because avicel PH 102 and amprotab had a considerable moisture content, so with the combination of both fillers could increase the water content from mass print tablets. Real density, compact density, and true density decreased from formula A to formula E. The amount of these densities were influenced by the shape and size of the particles. Flowability increased from formula A (23.7124°) to formula E (26.4210°) whereas compressibility increased from formula A (21.7222%) to formula E (29,4121%). Flowability and compressibility increase might be due to the uniformity of the particle size between the amprotabs and the other additives which could cause electrical charges to the print mass affecting the speed and flow of the print mass. All quality testing results including Weight (mg), Thickness (mm), Diameter (mm), Hardness (N), Friability (%) and Disintegration time (min.) had met the requirements. Thin Layer Chromatography showed that the resulting tablets still contain P. niruri extract as the active substance.Conclusion:. Overall results showed that the formulation fulfilled the requirements as a good pharmaceutical preparation based on Indonesian Pharmacopoeia IV and USP XVII.

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“…Nakweti et. al [16] mentioning that they found saponins in their Congo's P. niruri sample. Masruroh et.…”

Section: Phytochemical Screeningmentioning

confidence: 96%

Tablet Formulation From Meniran (Phyllanthus Niruri L.) Extract With Direct Compression Method

Mustarichie

Priambodo

2018

Int J App Pharm

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“…Phyllanthus species contain alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, tepenes and steroids which could be explain the in vitro antiplasmodial activities showed in the control plant extracts [15,19,42] and [43]. Phyllanthus species also contain sapogenin steroids which could explain their in vitro antimalarial activity [44,45].…”

Section: Control In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Secondary Metabolites from Phyllanthus odontadenius against Malaria by Mutagenesis

Ndiku

Nakweti²,

Sinou

et al. 2018

JPRI

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Aims: Majority of deaths in children aged under 5 years are due to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malaria deaths in children decreased but malaria remains a major killer of children, taking the life of a child every 2 minutes. This study aims to investigate the increasing of the in vitro antiplasmodial activities by mutagenesis techniques using gamma-rays (Cs-137) or sodium azide (NaN 3 ) as mutagens. It will allow the importance of mutagenesis use as tools for improvement of secondary metabolites against malaria parasites using chemical or physical mutagens. Study Design: Laboratory experiment tests : identification of plant material, immersion of seeds in SA (sodium azide) solutions or irradiation by Gamma-rays (Cs-137) of P. odontadenius seeds for improvement of secondary metabolites against malaria parasites, in vitro culture of seeds followed by the in situ culturing of plantlets for obtaining material of study, phytochemical screening of Phyllanthus odontadenius aerial parts to determine the change of compounds in comparison to controls, in vitro antiplasmodial tests for the determination of SA concentrations or those of gammarays doses which killing 50% of malaria parasite populations (IC 50 ).

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“…Pada penelitian ini, analisis kandungan simplisia hanya terbatas pada keberadaan senyawa tersebut tidak pada kuantitasnya. Profil metabolit sekunder pada tanaman meniran dipengaruhi oleh letak geografi, tingkat kesuburan tanah, dan lingkungan tumbuh (Nakweti et al, 2013). Quercetin merupakan salah satu bahan aktif penanda pada meniran yang termasuk dalam flavonoid (Anuar et al, 2012).…”

Section: Mutu Simplisiaunclassified

RESPON PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI DAN MUTU HERBA MENIRAN (Phyllantus niruri)

Setiawan¹,

Rahardjo²

2016

bul. littro

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ABSTRAKMeniran (Phyllantus niruri L.) merupakan tanaman liar berkhasiat obat, bahan bakunya sebagian besar diperoleh secara menambang. Pemupukan pada tanaman meniran dalam rangka meningkatkan produktivitas dan mutu belum banyak dilakukan. Percobaan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan mutu herba meniran. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cimanggu dari Januari sampai Juni 2013. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok empat ulangan dengan delapan perlakuan pemupukan. Perlakuan pemupukan terdiri dari (1) kontrol (tanpa pupuk), (2) 20 t ha K. Secara kualitatif, kandungan metabolit sekunder alkaloid, tanin, saponin, flavonoid, fenolik, triterpenoid, dan glikosida simplisia meniran tidak berbeda nyata pada semua perlakuan pemupukan. Kata kunci: Phyllantus niruri, pemupukan, produksi, mutu simplisia ABSTRACT Phyllantus niruri L. is medicinal plant which is mostly obtained by gathering from wild, thus there was no information related to its cultivation technology. The research was aimed to know the effect of fertilizers to growth and quality of

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Phytochemical analysis of Phyllanthus niruri L. (Phyllanthaceae) extracts collected in four geographical areas in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Tablet Formulation From Meniran (Phyllanthus Niruri L.) Extract With Direct Compression Method

Tablet Formulation From Meniran (Phyllanthus Niruri L.) Extract With Direct Compression Method

Improvement of Secondary Metabolites from Phyllanthus odontadenius against Malaria by Mutagenesis

RESPON PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI DAN MUTU HERBA MENIRAN (Phyllantus niruri)

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