Improvement of Secondary Metabolites from Phyllanthus odontadenius against Malaria by Mutagenesis

Abstract

Aims: Majority of deaths in children aged under 5 years are due to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malaria deaths in children decreased but malaria remains a major killer of children, taking the life of a child every 2 minutes. This study aims to investigate the increasing of the in vitro antiplasmodial activities by mutagenesis techniques using gamma-rays (Cs-137) or sodium azide (NaN 3 ) as mutagens. It will allow the importance of mutagenesis use as tools for improvement of secondary metabolites against malaria parasites using chemical or physical mutagens. Study Design: Laboratory experiment tests : identification of plant material, immersion of seeds in SA (sodium azide) solutions or irradiation by Gamma-rays (Cs-137) of P. odontadenius seeds for improvement of secondary metabolites against malaria parasites, in vitro culture of seeds followed by the in situ culturing of plantlets for obtaining material of study, phytochemical screening of Phyllanthus odontadenius aerial parts to determine the change of compounds in comparison to controls, in vitro antiplasmodial tests for the determination of SA concentrations or those of gammarays doses which killing 50% of malaria parasite populations (IC 50 ).

Increasing secondary metabolites production of Phyllanthus sp to support development of herbal medicine industry

“…The expected mutations are those that can cause diversity in the varieties to be selected which have better characters, while original good characters in Phyllanthus sp are can be maintained. Ndiku [8] reported that the use of gamma irradiation to the seed of P. odontadenius with doses 125, 150 and 225 Gy have result a high in vitro anti plasmodial activity against malaria parasites. It is indicate that gamma irradiation will increase the production of secondary metabolites at P. odontadenius.…”