Physical activity and long-term prognosis in patients with stable coronary artery disease: How often, how intense, and how long?

SARC-F Is a Predictor of Longer LOS and Hospital Readmission in Hospitalized Patients after a Cardiovascular Event

“…It is important to highlight that SARC-F includes questions related to muscle strength and function—not including muscle mass measures. In the “hierarchy of loss in physical function”, a decline in muscle strength and function is first observed, leading to a decline in muscle mass [ 38 ].…”

Forefront of Cardiac Rehabilitation in Japan

“…Aerobic exercise therapy aimed to improve physical exercise function is the core program of a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation 20) 21) . Regular aerobic exercise is strongly recommended to improve exercise tolerance and symptoms in patients presenting with heart failure and to prevent readmission of those with reduced ejection fraction 22) . Yokoyama et al examined the effect of physical activity on coronary artery plaque volume in patients with acute coronary syndromes 23) and found a reduced coronary artery plaque volume and lipid content in patients with acute coronary syndromes who actively participated in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation and showed high levels of physical activity.…”

Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Poor Prognosis in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Underling Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies

“…In contrast, exercise is an alternative clinical intervention that may be the most beneficial to patients with reduced skeletal muscle mass and strength. Physical inactivity is not only a major contributor to muscle wasting in cachexia and sarcopenia but also an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases 17) . Exercise training and physical activity result in numerous molecular alterations in skeletal muscles (Fig.…”

“…Exercise training and physical activity result in numerous molecular alterations in skeletal muscles (Fig. 1), improved quality of life, reduced hospitalization frequency, and prolonged survival [7][8][9][15][16][17] . Therefore, exercise should be considered a cornerstone in the treatment of skeletal muscle wasting even in patients with cachexia and sarcopenia.…”