Phosphorylated chitosan accelerates dermal wound healing in diabetic wistar rats

Abstract

Phosphorylated chitosan (PC), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan possesses several biological and chemical properties suitable for diabetic wound healing. In the present study, we report the synthesis and diabetic wound healing capabilities of PC. Elemental analysis, FT-IR, 13C-NMR and 31P-NMR techniques were employed for the chemical characterization of PC. In vitro, antioxidant properties of PC were determined in terms of Fe3+ reducing, metal chelating, lipid peroxidation and superoxide scavenging ability. The wound healing potential of PC was assessed in diabetic excisional wound rat model. PC exhibited good water solubility, and in vitro antioxidant capacity. Wound contraction was higher in PC-treated wounds (91.11%) as compared to untreated wounds (67.26%) on 14th-day post wound creation. Histopathology of PC-treated wounds revealed improved tissue morphology with higher number of fibroblasts, a thicker epithelial layer, enhanced collagen deposits and angiogenesis as compared to untreated wounds. An overall increase of 57% and 25% in hydroxylamine and hexosamine content respectively were noted as compared to untreated wounds. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in SOD activity and a significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in lipid peroxides were recorded in PC-treated wounds as compared to untreated wounds. These observations demonstrated that PC can be used as an effective agent in diabetic wound healing. Graphical Abstract Illustration of phosphorylated chitosan (PC) synthesis and its wound healing potential: Chitosan was phosphorylated to impart diabetic wound healing properties. Chemical characterizations such as elemental analysis, FT-IR and NMR confirmed successful phosphorylation of chitosan. PC exhibited good in vitro antioxidant properties. To assess the diabetic wound healing potential, an excisional wound model was developed in diabetic rats. PC treatment demonstrated accelerated wound healing.

Phosphatidylserine accelerates wound healing and reduces necrosis in the rats: Growth factor activation

“…The PS exposure at the site of the wound by collagen‐adherent platelets was also demonstrated as a blood coagulation activation factor 20 . The proliferative phase of the healing process initiates wound repair through granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, angiogenesis and concurrent wound contraction 1 . In terms of collagen deposition and wound contraction, which show fibroblast activity, on days 4, 7 and 14, the PS‐treated group achieved significantly higher fibroblast numbers than PHT and C groups.…”

Double-Network Chitosan-Based Hydrogels with Improved Mechanical, Conductive, Antimicrobial, and Antibiofouling Properties

“…Water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan has several wound-healing properties, including hemostatic properties, metal chelating bonding, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and osteoinductive properties, as well as angiogenic and bactericidal influence [ 104 , 105 , 106 ]. Because it avoids drug release in the acidic region of the stomach, this chitosan derivative can also be used for the oral administration of drugs [ 91 , 105 ].…”

“…Because it avoids drug release in the acidic region of the stomach, this chitosan derivative can also be used for the oral administration of drugs [ 91 , 105 ]. In diabetic rats, phosphorylated chitosan accelerates wound healing [ 106 ].…”

Fabrication of bioactive glass/phosphorylated chitosan composite scaffold and its effects on MC3T3-E1 cells

“…PCS significantly improved the mechanical performance and cytocompatibility of the cement with MC3T3-E1 cells, which shows its potential to be used as a bone repair material [14]. PCS also showed significant diabetic wound healing properties with its antioxidant activities [15]. However, PCS is not suitable for use alone for bone defect repair because of its shortcomings such as insufficient mechanical strength and fast degradation rate.…”