Phenogenetic Studies on Scute-1 of Drosophila Melanogaster. Ii. The Temperature-Effective Period

Child, George P.

doi:10.1093/genetics/20.2.127

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Under normal conditions the larvae begin to pupate at 82 hours and the last larvae pupate at 114 hours in these experiments. This variation is great because of the fourhour egg-laying periods but with even shorter egg-laying periods a spread of 18-24 hours is obtained (Powsner, 1935;Child, 1935).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Increasing Time of Development at Constant Temperature on the Wing Size of Vestigial of Drosophila Melanogaster

Child¹

1939

The Biological Bulletin

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Increasing Time of Development at Constant Temperature on the Wing Size of Vestigial of Drosophila Melanogaster

Child¹

1939

The Biological Bulletin

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“…The sensitive periods for certain of the phenocopies are slightly different from those found for X-rays or temperature treatments. It is rather difficult to compare the work of different investigators, who use different stocks raised at different temperatures, but it would appear that the sensitive period for the production of dumpy wings by ultraviolet corresponds with that found by Blanc and Child (1940) for temperature treatments and that the larval sensitive period for bristle reduction by ultraviolet is identical with the temperature sensitive period determined by Child (1935). In addition there is a sensitive period for bristle reduction by ultraviolet in the pupal stage which was also found in X-radiation experiments (Waddington, 1942;Villee, 1946a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Quantitative Study of Phenocopy Production With Monochromatic Ultraviolet Irradiation

Villee¹

1947

The Biological Bulletin

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Villee, 1946a). It was found that the threshold for the production of phenocopies with X-rays was slightly below 1096 r. units. At that level from to 40 per cent of the flies were killed and from to 10 per cent showed phenocopies. This dosage D in roentgens may be converted to the density of absorbed energy, E, by the formula E = 83 D ergs/cm. 3 (Cole, personal communication) to give 90,968 ergs/cm. 3 The absorbed energy of the ultraviolet radiation, computed from the area and volume of the larva and the minimal threshold intensity of 440 ergs/mm. 2 and assuming total absorbtion by the organism, is 440,000 ergs/mm. 3 From this it can be seen that X-radiation is approximately five times as effective per energy unit as ultraviolet radiation of wave-length 2537 A in producing phenocopies. I want to thank Professor Kenneth S. Cole for his assistance in making these calculations. SUMMARY 1. Drosophila larvae, prepupae and pupae of various ages and genotypes were irradiated with ultraviolet of wave-length 2537 A and in dosages varying from 330 to 79,200 ergs/mm. 2 The phenocopies produced varied with the age of the irradiated fly, the stock used, and the total dosages of the irradiation. Irradiation with ultraviolet does not cause a retardation of pupation as X-radiation does.2. Larvae show a gradual increase in sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation with age from 50 to 100 hours after hatching from the egg to a maximum at one hour after pupation, then a sharp decrease in sensitivity with pupal age. There are two periods in the larval stage, one about 50 and one about 100 hours after hatching, of greater phenocopy production for a given amount of radiation. Irradiations during the first 24 hours of pupal life produce fewer phenocopies for a given amount of radiation than during the larval period.3. The sensitive periods for the production of certain phenocopies by ultraviolet are compared with the sensitive periods for X-ray and temperature treatments. Some are identical, a few are different.

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“…The results obtained here are entirely consistent with this view. CHILD (1935) in studying the T.E.P. for bristle determination for various bristles in scute-1, has found that the T.E.P.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Temperature-ejective Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…'s of the individuals, and (2) the mean range of variation in time at which the T.E.P. 's of the individuals occur, For convenience, in the following we shall adopt the terminology used by CHILD (1935) who studied the T.E.P.…”

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confidence: 99%

Studies on the Bar Series of Drosophila Melanogaster. Ii. The Temperature-Effective Period for Facet Determination in Bar and Bar Vestigial

Margolis

1935

Genetics

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I n an earlier paper of this series (MARGOLIS 1935), it was shown that the gene vg effected a small but significant decrease in facet nu&ers in Bar-eyed flies of Drosophila. The present paper deals with the results of an investigation of the temperature-effective period for facet determination in B and B vg stocks. The early investigations of SEYSTER (1919) and KRAFKA (1920) served to localize the temperature effect on facet number entirely within the larval period of development. More recently, DRIVER (1926,1931) and LUCE (1931) succeeded in setting more definite limits for the T.E.P. in B and Bi flies a t different temperatures. DRIVER, especially, has called attention to the necessity of precision in determining temperature-effective periods as a tool in analyzing the kinetics of facet determination in the Bar series. The results of these investigators will be discussed in greater detail in relation to the results obtained by the writer.For expediency, the temperature-effective period for facet determination will be referred to as the T.E.P.

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Phenogenetic Studies on Scute-1 of Drosophila Melanogaster. Ii. The Temperature-Effective Period

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

The Effect of Increasing Time of Development at Constant Temperature on the Wing Size of Vestigial of Drosophila Melanogaster

The Effect of Increasing Time of Development at Constant Temperature on the Wing Size of Vestigial of Drosophila Melanogaster

A Quantitative Study of Phenocopy Production With Monochromatic Ultraviolet Irradiation

Studies on the Bar Series of Drosophila Melanogaster. Ii. The Temperature-Effective Period for Facet Determination in Bar and Bar Vestigial

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