Performance and Emission Characteristics of Pyrolysis Oil Obtained from Neem de Oiled Cake and Waste Polystyrene in a Compression Ignition Engine

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In order to achieve sustainability goals, biomass is a renewable energy source that lowers emissions of greenhouse gases and other hazardous gases. Biochemical and thermochemical methods are both used to produce bioenergy from biomass. Pyrolysis is an effective thermochemical conversion technique used for the conversion of biomass into energy-rich bio-oil. In this study, the pyrolysis characteristics and bio-oil obtained from the residues of Ricinus communis were investigated. The experimental run was designed to analyze the impact of bed temperature on product yield by varying the process temperature from 350°C to 750°C. In this study, a maximum of 46.5 wt% of bio-oil was produced at 500°C. The maximum conversion was recorded at temperatures ranging from 450°C to 550°C. The bio-oil obtained at maximum yield conditions was analyzed using different analytical techniques. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analyses of the bio-oil revealed that the oil has a significant amount of phenol derivatives, oxygenated chemicals, acids, and esters. The physical properties of the bio-oil showed that it is viscous and has a medium heating value compared with commercial fossil fuel.

Section: Physical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Recycling of Solid Biomass Materials for Achieving Sustainable Goal: A Complete Characterization Study on Liquid Yield Products

Koshariya

Madhusudhanan²,

Anandaram

et al. 2022

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“…Plastics come to the market in different forms and accomplish our daily needs in various domains. e production rate of plastic has improved by almost 20 times in the last six decades [12]. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the most commonly used plastic for a variety of purposes, including garment fibres and liquid and food containers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-pyrolysis Characteristics and Synergistic Interaction of Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate and Woody Biomass towards Bio-Oil Production

Anandaram

Srivastava

Vijayakumar³

et al. 2022

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In this study, the impacts of co-pyrolyzing wood-based biomass from Ficus benghalensis with PET on liquid oil output, reactivity, and heating values were investigated. The effects of temperature on the product distribution of individual pyrolysis and the biomass-plastic ratio on co-pyrolysis were investigated. For individual pyrolysis, a maximum amount of 40.8 wt (%) liquid oil was obtained from biomass at 450°C. On the other hand, a maximum of 59.5 wt (%) liquid oil was obtained from PET at 500°C. The co-pyrolysis experiments were conducted by blending PET with biomass at different percentages, such as 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. At 60% addition of PET, a more positive synergistic effect was identified due to radical secondary reactions. In addition, the physical and chemical characterization studies conducted on pyrolysis oil showed that biomass and plastic materials could be used to make valuable chemicals.

“…e higher oxygen content in the biooil reduces the heating value of the oil, and it may corrode the engine parts while it is used as fuel for heating applications. e density of the derived oil is greater than the conventional diesel, and the viscosity is found to be nearly equal to the diesel fuel [53]. e heating value was estimated at 38.72 MJ/kg.…”

Section: Oil Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Valorization of Hazardous Materials along with Biomass for Green Energy Generation and Environmental Sustainability through Pyrolysis

Chhabria¹,

Rao²,

Lakshmi³

et al. 2022

Increased population growth, industrialization, and modern culture create a variety of consequences, including environmental pollution, heavy metal accumulation, and decreasing energy resources. This perilous position necessitates the development of long-term energy resources and strategies to address environmental threats and power shortages. In this study, an investigation into the use of castor seed oil cake and waste tyres as a feed material for the copyrolysis process for yielding maximum oil production was performed. The copyrolysis experiments were performed by changing the mass percentage of waste tyres with oil cake to make different ratios of 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75, and 0 : 100. At 50 : 50 ratio, the maximum positive synergy on oil production was obtained. At that condition, a maximum of 59.8 wt% oil was produced and characterized to analyze its physiochemical properties. The coprocessing of the selected two feed materials enables the stabilization of the oil, as the produced oil has a lower oxygen content with a maximum heating value of 38.72 MJ/kg. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the oil showed the existence of aromatic hydrocarbons and phenolic elements. Adding waste tyres to the biomass improved the quality of the oil by increasing carbon content with reduced oxygen content.