Perfil dos egressos da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC: o que eles pensam sobre atenção primária em saúde?

Abstract

ResumoA Faculdade de Medicina do ABC (FMABC) graduou até 2004, aproximadamente, 3.100 médicos. Este artigo objetiva apresentar o perfil sociodemográfico, a formação de pós-graduação, a inserção profissional e o perfil de renda desses egressos. Busca, também, identificar a avaliação do egresso quanto à qualidade do ensino recebido na FMABC e sua percepção a respeito da atenção primária em saúde (APS). Realizou-se um estudo transversal, através de um questionário fechado, autoaplicado, enviado em 2006, por correio, para uma amostra aleatória de 800 egressos. As variáveis são apresentadas através de medidas de frequências. Obtivemos 152 questionários respondidos, sendo 88 por homens e 64 por mulheres. Quase 89% dos egressos é paulista e 70,4% estão casados. Os respondentes (85,5%) consideraram o curso de Medicina excelente ou bom. A quase totalidade (96,7%) fez residência médica. Quase todos (90%) realizam sua atividade principal de trabalho no setor assistencial. Mais da metade (52%) ganha entre R$ 4.000,00 e R$ 10.00,00. A maioria (80,3%) caracteriza APS "como a principal porta de entrada do sistema de saúde", se filiando a uma concepção organizacional de APS tomada como parte de um sistema piramidal de atenção. Apesar de 82,9% considerarem que a APS teve média/grande importância em sua vida profissional, poucos (2,6%) a definem como espaço de operacionalização de um trabalho complexo no trato dos problemas de saúde. Esses dados mostram que o debate sobre a formação médica e sobre o papel da APS no sistema de saúde deve ser ampliado, de modo a superar visões dicotômicas sobre a realidade. The majority (80.3%) characterized PHC "as the main entry of the health system", a conception that affiliate themselves to an organizational design of PHS, taken it as part of a pyramidal system of care. While 82.9% consider that PHC had medium/high importance in their professional life, few (2.6%) defined as the area of operation of a work in the treatment of complex health problems. These data demonstrate that the debate on medical training and on the role of PHC in the health system should be expanded, in order to overcome dichotomous views on the reality. Palavras

Geographical distribution of medical graduates from a public university

“…16 Some authors found the choice for professional practice related to the location of medical schools. 9,28 In contrast, for other authors, location of medical school was not related to choice of practice location. 16 Although 86.5% of the respondents were born in the state where the school was located, only 58.1% remained there after graduation, practicing mainly where they completed residency training.…”

“…Usually, response rates based on mailed questionnaires studies reach an average of 20 to 30%. 9,28 It is likely that younger respondents in locations with better infrastructure were more likely to respond to the survey.…”

“…7,8 In fact, the number of physicians in the secondary and tertiary healthcare levels are greater than those in primary care in Spain and Brazil. [9][10][11] In Brazil, although the health system is decentralized, physicians are primarily located in urban locations, with a high concentration in large cities. 12 Since almost one quarter of Brazil's inhabitants live in rural areas in the North and Northeastern states of the country, 13 recruiting physicians to practice in remote areas in Brazil is urgent in order to achieve the goals of the proposed health system.…”

Reasons for choosing the profession and profile of newly qualified physicians in Brazil

“…A profile has also been outlined of former students graduating from the Medicine Course at the Lutheran University of Brazil -Ulbra, in Porto Alegre, 10 the Medical School of the ABC, 11 the University of São Paulo (USP) Medical School, 12 the Botucatu Medical School, 13 and the medicine course of the State University of Londrina. 14 Meanwhile, the Ministry of Education has produced reports 15 using the data reported by medical students during the National Student Performance Exam (ENADE, in the Portuguese acronym).…”

Formação e Atuação Profissional de Médicos Egressos de uma Instituição Privada do Pará: Perfil e Conformidade com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais

“…A partir dos anos 2000, outros estudos em outras regiões do País demonstraram pouca mudança no perfil do egresso médico, exceto a crescente participação feminina 11,[19][20][21][22][23] .…”