Reasons for choosing the profession and profile of newly qualified physicians in Brazil

Scheffer, Mário; Guilloux, Aline Gil Alves; Poz, Mário Roberto Dal; Schraiber, Lília Blima

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.62.09.853

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, physician was the profession most reported, and the vast majority of professionals were women, in agreement with past research that has observed increased numbers of women in medical schools and residency programs around the world (21,22). The result of the present study was different from that of research on MD/PhD programs in Canada and the United States, which found that men were the predominant gender (9,10,13,20).…”

Section: ' Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Profile of health professionals who completed a master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degree in one Brazilian pediatric program

Silva

Trindade

Cruz

et al. 2020

Clinics

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the personal and professional characteristics, and the physical, psychiatric/psychological, and professional issues that exist among master's-, doctoral-, and post-doctoral-level health professionals. METHODS: A cross-sectional, online, self-reported survey of 452 postgraduates who completed master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degrees in one graduate program in pediatrics in Sã o Paulo, Brazil, was conducted. RESULTS: The response rate was 47% (211/453). The majority of participants were women (78%) and physicians (74%), and the median age was 47 years (28-71). Master's, doctoral, and post-doctoral degrees were reported by 73%, 53%, and 3%, respectively. High workload (440 hours/week) occurred in 59%, and 45% earned X15 minimum wages/month. At least one participation in scientific meeting in the past year was reported by 91%, and 79% had published their research. Thirty-nine percent served as a member of a faculty of an institution of higher learning. The data were analyzed by two age groups: participants aged p48 years (group 1) and participants aged 448 years (group 2). The median rating of overall satisfaction with the profession in the past year [8 (0-10) vs. 9 (1-10), p=0.0113]; workload 440 hours/week (53% vs. 68%, p=0.034); and X15 minimum wages/month (37% vs. 56%, p=0.0083) were significantly lower in group 1. Further analysis by gender revealed that the median rating of overall satisfaction with the profession in the past year [8 (0-10) vs. 9 (3-10), p=0.0015], workload 440 hours/week (53% vs. 83%, p=0.0002), and X15 minimum wages/month (37% vs. 74%, p=0.0001) were significantly lower in women compared with men. The median rating of overall satisfaction with the mentorship supervision provided was significantly higher among the women 10 (5-10) vs. 10 (2-10), p=0.0324]. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of master's-, doctoral-, and post-doctoral-level health professionals were women and physicians, and had published their thesis. Younger postgraduates and women reported low salaries, less likelihood of working 440 hours/week, and less overall satisfaction with their profession. Further longitudinal and qualitative studies are warranted to assess career trajectories after graduation.

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Section: ' Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Profile of health professionals who completed a master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degree in one Brazilian pediatric program

Silva

Trindade

Cruz

et al. 2020

Clinics

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“… 18 , 21 Indeed, this finding is related to the increase of women in medical schools and residency programs around the world. 22 , 23 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatricians After Residency: A Survey of Personal/Professional Data and Issues

Silva

Trindade

Abel

et al. 2021

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: To assess personal, professional, medical, and scientific educational characteristics and issues reported by pediatricians. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on an online survey including 614 pediatricians who graduated in the last 15 years at a University Pediatric Department in Brazil. Results: The response rate was 331/614(54%). The majority were females (82%), the median age was 33 years (27-40) and median years of pediatric practice was 5 (1-13). High workload (>60 hours/week) occurred in 25% and 47% earned ≥15 minimum wages/month. The most work-related issues reported were long working hours, poor social life and a sedentary lifestyle (>50%). Pediatricians were further divided into two groups, according to years of pediatric clinical practice: group 1 (≤5 years) and group 2 (>5 years). The median of overall satisfaction with pediatric residency [8(0-10) vs. 9 (4-10); p=0.002] was significantly reduced in group 1. The frequencies of workload >60 hours, work on pediatric ward and pediatric intensive care were significantly higher in the first group (p<0.05). Regarding main issues related to clinical practice in the last year, long working hours (73 vs. 53%; p<0.001), poor social life (75 vs. 62%; p=0.018) and harassment (23 vs. 4%; p=0.003) were significantly higher in the first group. Conclusions: Very early career pediatricians (≤5 years) reported higher workload, lower income, work-related issues and different location of pediatric practice compared to early career pediatricians (>5 years). The overall satisfaction with pediatric residency was good, however, reduced in very early career pediatricians.

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“…We adapted Bland, Meurer, and Maldonado's 1995 model of the determinants of students' choices of specialties [11] and divided potential influencing factors into the following: (a) student's personal and socio-economic characteristics (gender, family income, age); (b) type of school attended (secondary school, medical school of training, urban or rural location of the schools); (c) student's needs to satisfy personal and societal expectations (intrinsic and extrinsic motivation); (d) perception of specialty characteristics (prestige, working hours, contact with patients, social role and prospective earnings. We identified suitable variables from the 'Profile and perceptions of new graduates in medicine in Brazil' survey study [29] as proxies for the above factors.…”

Section: The Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used secondary data from a representative crosssectional survey conducted in 2015 by the São Paulo University [29], to perform descriptive, multivariate logistic, and multilevel analysis on the effect of a range of variables on students' declared intention to practice in primary care settings. The survey dataset had 4601 respondents from a population of 16 323 eligible newly graduated physicians.…”

Section: Data Set and Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of private education in the selection of primary care careers in low and middle-income countries. Findings from a representative survey of medical residents in Brazil

et al. 2020

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Background: Primary health care (PHC) doctors' numbers are dwindling in high-as well as low-income countries, which is feared to hamper the achievement of Universal Health Coverage goals. As a large proportion of doctors are privately educated and private medical schools are becoming increasingly common in middle-income settings, there is a debate on whether private education represents a suitable mean to increase the supply of PHC physicians. We analyse the intentions to practice of medical residents in Brazil to understand whether these differ for public and private schools. Methods: Drawing from the literature on the selection of medical specialties, we constructed a model for the determinants of medical students' intentions to practice in PHC, and used secondary data from a nationally representative sample of 4601 medical residents in Brazil to populate it. Multivariate analysis and multilevel cluster models were employed to explore the association between perspective physicians' choice of practice and types of schools attended, socio-economic characteristics, and their values and opinions on the profession.Results: Only 3.7% of residents in our sample declared an intention to practice in PHC, with no significant association with the public or private nature of the medical schools attended. Instead, having attended a state secondary school (p = 0.028), having trained outside Brazil's wealthy South East (p < 0.001), not coming from an affluent family (p = 0.037), and not having a high valuation of career development opportunities (p < 0.001) were predictors of willingness to practice in PHC. A low consideration for quality of life, for opportunities for treating patients, and for the liberal aspects of the profession were also associated with future physicians' intentions to work in primary care (all p < 0.001). Conclusions:In Brazil, training in public or private medical schools does not influence the intention to practice in PHC. But students from affluent backgrounds, with private secondary education, and graduating in the rich South East were found to be overrepresented in both types of training institutions, and this is what appears to negatively impact the selection of PHC careers. With a view to increasing the supply of PHC practitioners in middle-income countries, policies should focus on opening medical schools in rural areas and improving access for students from disadvantaged backgrounds.

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Reasons for choosing the profession and profile of newly qualified physicians in Brazil

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Profile of health professionals who completed a master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degree in one Brazilian pediatric program

Profile of health professionals who completed a master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degree in one Brazilian pediatric program

Pediatricians After Residency: A Survey of Personal/Professional Data and Issues

The role of private education in the selection of primary care careers in low and middle-income countries. Findings from a representative survey of medical residents in Brazil

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