Peptidomic study of Spanish blue cheese (Valdeón) and changes after simulated gastrointestinal digestion

Abstract

It is increasingly evident that digestion can affect the biological activity of cheese by the release of new active peptides from their precursors or, on the contrary, giving rise to fragments without activity. The characterization of the peptidome of a Spanish blue cheese, Valdeón, has been conducted before and after gastrointestinal digestion, and the digests have been compared to those obtained from pasteurized skimmed milk powder (SMP) using a bioinformatics platform. Peptidomic profiling of digests revealed several regions that are especially resistant to digestion (among them β-casein 60-93, 128-140, and 193-209). Some of them correspond to well-conserved regions between species (human, cow, sheep, and goat) and include peptide sequences with reported bioactivity. The great peptide homology found between both digests, cheese and SMP, suggests that the gastrointestinal digestion could bring closer the profile of products with different proteolytic state. Although most of the biologically active peptides found in cheese after digestion were also present in SMP digest, there were some exceptions that can be attributed to the absence of the relevant precursor peptide before digestion.

Role of intestinal brush border peptidases in the simulated digestion of milk proteins

“…CN, SMP, and WPI were digested under conditions very close to those of the harmonized model , in line with the procedure described by Sanchez‐Rivera et al. . The oral phase of digestion was omitted, due to the absence of starchy matrices in the milk protein samples.…”

“…The "integrated" procedure was developed during a "preharmonization" stage of the static in vitro digestion model recently standardized in the framework of the Infogest project [3]. CN, SMP, and WPI were digested under conditions very close to those of the harmonized model [3], in line with the procedure described by Sanchez-Rivera et al [12]. The oral phase of digestion was omitted, due to the absence of starchy matrices in the milk protein samples.…”

Recent advances in the application of capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics

“…Several of the Foodomics works recently published have involved the use of NMR or other liquid techniques (e.g. UHPLC, nano‐LC) hyphenated to HRMS . Interestingly, several of the analytical steps necessary to carry out a metabolomic analysis are common among these hyphenated techniques, including the data treatment.…”

The protective role of the Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor in soybean lunasin digestion: the effect of released peptides on colon cancer growth

“…Moreover, lunasin has been shown to restrain the oxidative status caused by chemical agents in both intestinal Caco-2 and hepatic HepG2 cells, and to inhibit inflammation in cultured RAW 264.7 macrophages. [11][12][13][14][15] Park et al 16 reported that isolated lunasin, either synthetic or soybean-purified, is easily digested after 2 min incubation with simulated gastric or intestinal fluids. 3 Food-derived peptides are expected to exhibit their health beneficial properties after being orally taken.…”