Penurunan Kemampuan Kepala Keluarga Dalam Memenuhi Kebutuhan Ekonomi Keluarga: Studi Fenomenologi Pengalaman Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa Paska Pasung

Abstract

Decreasing the Capabilities of the Breadwinner in Meeting the Economic Needs of Families: A phenomenology Study of the Mental Illness People Post-Pasung. The breadwinner of the family economically responsible for meeting the needs of all family members, including clothing, food, and housing needs. A breadwinner of the family with mental illness after pasung needs to adjust to social functions including the ability to work and be involved in social relations. Pasung is physical restraint and confinement by families of people with mental illness in the community. The study aimed to describe the experience of the breadwinner of family post-pasung to supply the economic needs of the family. This qualitative descriptive phenomenological study applied a purposive sampling in selecting the participants. Data were obtained through an in-depth interview with six participants. The data analyzed by Colaizzi’s method. The findings revealed that three themes, namely low self-esteem as a response to changes in the role after pasung, reduction of self-capacity as an obstacle to meeting family's financial needs, and utilization of social and spiritual support in returning confidence. Pasung has an impact on the decline of people with mental illness' ability to carry out the role of the breadwinner of the family. Restoring self-confidence and improving the quality of life for the breadwinner with mental illness after pasung can be obtained from community support, creating employment opportunities and accepting the people with mental illness in the community. Keywords: Breadwinner of the family, Mental Illness, Pasung, Phenomenology Abstrak Kepala keluarga bertanggungjawab secara ekonomi memenuhi kebutuhan hidup anggota keluarga yang meliputi kebutuhan sandang, pangan dan papan. Seorang kepala keluarga yang mengalami gangguan jiwa selepas dari pemasungan perlu menyesuaikan diri terhadap fungsi sosial yang meliputi kemampuan untuk bekerja dan terlibat dalam hubungan sosial. Tujuan penelitian adalah ini untuk mendeskripsikan pengalaman kepala keluarga paska pasung dalam memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi keluarga. Pendekatan fenomenologi diterapkan untuk mengekplorasi pengalaman kepala keluarga. Sejumlah enam orang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini yang dipilih melalui metode purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam kemudian dianalisis dengan metode Colaizzi. Tiga tema dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu harga diri rendah sebagai respons perubahan peran paska pasung, penurunan kapasitas diri sebagai hambatan pemenuhan kebutuhan finansial keluarga, dan pemanfaatan dukungan sosial dan spiritual dalam pengembalian kepercayaan diri. Pasung berdampak pada penurunan kemampuan orang dengan gangguan jiwa (ODGJ) menjalankan peran sebagai kepala keluarga. Pemulihan kepercayaan diri dan peningkatan kualitas hidup ODGJ pasca pasung sebagai kepala keluarga dapat diperoleh dengan adanya dukungan masyarakat, penciptaan lapangan kerja serta penerimaan ODGJ di masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Fenomenologi, Gangguan Jiwa, Kepala Keluarga, Pasung

The use of pasung for people with mental illness: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

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“…Detention in PSMD occurs because of fear of the risk of violent behavior. 18 Violent behavior by PSMD is when the patient has a history that can endanger himself, others, or the environment physically or emotionally. 19 Violent behavior in the community and health services carried out by patients against others or otherwise torturing oneself.…”