Background Pasung is the term used in Indonesia and a number of other countries for seclusion and restraint of people with mental illness in the community, usually at home by their family. While pasung has been banned because it is contrary to human rights, its practice continues to exist within the community, particularly where community mental health services are limited, and in the absence of adequate social support, and pervasive negatives beliefs about mental illness. It is essential to understand the reasons for the ongoing use of pasung and to examine potential solutions. Methods A systematic review and narrative synthesis of peer-reviewed international literature was conducted to identify the socio-cultural contexts for pasung use, and interventions to address it. The analysis draws on the socio-ecological framework, which focused on relationships between the individual and their environment. Result Fifty published articles were included in the review; all studies were conducted in Asia and Africa, with 32 undertaken in Indonesia. Most studies were qualitative (n = 21). Others included one case–control study, one cross-sectional study, and seven surveys; only four studies examined the application of an intervention, and each used a pre and post methodology. Of these, two studies tested psychoeducational interventions which aimed to overcome family burden due to pasung, and each suggested a community mental health approach. The remaining two studies evaluated the intervention of ‘unlocking’; one study used a community-based culturally sensitive approach, and the other used a community-based rehabilitation program. Reasons for pasung given by family appear to be as a last resort and in the absence of other supports to help them care for the person with severe mental illness. Conclusion The findings highlight that a mixture of individual, interpersonal, community and policy interventions are needed to reduce the use of pasung. While consumer and carer involvement as part of a socio-ecological approach is understood to be effective in reducing pasung, an understanding of how to elaborate this in the management of pasung remains elusive. Review Registration CRD42020157543: CRD
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This study analyzed the obstacles, strategies, and results of flag ceremony activities in Indonesian elementary schools. The method used in this study was a systematic literature review. The information used contained an attitude of nationalism. The literature review process was conducted by searching for relevant articles, evaluating them using data extraction, and then comparing the literature results. The database used was Google Scholar. The results of this study indicated that (1) the obstacles in cultivating nationalism are the lack of discipline, order, and mutual respect among people; (2) the strategies used in cultivating nationalism include reminding, guiding, and explaining, as well as involving teachers and students in instilling nationalism; (3) the result of cultivating nationalism in flag ceremony activities is the formation of individuals who are moral and ethical and understand the importance of the activities. The implications of this study were: first, teachers must be able to provide understanding and examples related to instilling nationalism; second, students can make habituation through good behaviour to be applied in daily life. This study revealed the inculcation of nationalism in Indonesian elementary schools comprehensively.
A. PENDAHULUANPara ahli antropologi, yang perhatian utamanya adalah kebudayaan dan masyarakat, telah mencoba untuk melihat dan mengkaji agama sesuai dengan perspektif antropologi. Kajian-kajian tersebut dilakukan dalam upaya memahami makna dan hakikat agama di dalam dan bagi kehidupan manusia. Di Indonesia, kajian-kajian empirik tentang keislaman tersebut antara lain telah dilakukan
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior) based lecture method and the discussion method in improving the knowledge and negative attitudes of elementary school students regarding pornography. This study was a comparative quantitative with a quasi experimental design. This study carried out in Sondakan State Elementary School (SSES) which is located on Sondakan, Surakarta City, Indonesia. The subjects of this study were sixth grade students of SSES (n = 56). The students were divided into two classes. Experiment Class 1 with 26 students, and Experiment Class 2 with 30 students. Based on the data analysis and discussion, the following conclusions can be drawn; (1) TPB-based lecture is more effective than discussion method in increasing knowledge related to pornography of sixth grade students (2) TPB-based lecture is more effective than discussion method in increasing negative attitudes related to pornography of sixth grade students. Theoretical and practical implications of this study are; (1) TPB-based lecture method can provide alternative solution in increasing sixth grade students' understanding of the dangers of pornography. (2) TPB-based lecture method is more recomended than discussion method for children and early adolescents.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.