"Pelo que é nosso!": a diplomacia cultural brasileira no século XX

Abstract

ResumoNo decorrer do século XX, o Brasil desenvolveu uma diplomacia cultural original a fim de defender seus interesses econômicos e estratégicos no mundo. A partir dos anos 1920, o Itamaraty defendeu uma política cultural pragmática, cujos conteúdos e estruturas sofreram importantes modificações conforme o período, o regime político, a composição do corpo diplomático e as diferentes concepções de sua identidade nacional. o artigo analisa a gênese da diplomacia cultural brasileira através de suas instituições, meios de atuação, objetivos e países destinatários, e estuda a significação histórica da ação cultural para uma potência emergente do hemisfério ocidental. Palavras-chave: relações internacionais; cultura; diplomacia; Brasil; século XX. AbstractDuring the 20th century, Brazil developed a specific cultural diplomacy in order to defend its economic and geostrategic interests on the global chessboard. Beginning in the 1920s, the Brazilian Foreign office -Itamaraty -mapped out tools for a pragmatic cultural promotion, the contents and structures of which fluctuated depending on the actors, political regimes and conceptions of national identity. A first synthesis on the subject, this article examines the genesis of Brazilian cultural diplomacy, considering its institutions, recipients and objectives, and analyzes the meaning of cultural politics for an emerging power of the Western World.

Ecologia, cooperação internacional e configuração biogeográfica do Brasil: Pierre Dansereau e o acordo científico Brasil-Canadá nos anos 1940

“…20 Oswaldo Aranha signed the agreement as an ardent defender of Pan-Americanism, but this act was also consonant with the approach that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (often called Itamaraty) had been enforcing since the 1920s, that is, the promotion of pragmatic cultural activities abroad as an element of national development. The agreement was also seen as a way for Brazil to cement its position of leadership as an emerging power in the Western hemisphere (Dummont;Fléchet, 2014).…”

“…Alongside trade agreements meant to attract more industrial investment and new markets for Brazilian exports, the new minister opted to prioritize technical and scientific cooperation and tourism and the worldwide promotion of the Brazilian language, arts, and music (Dummont;Fléchet, 2014). Désy consequently introduced regular radio programs on educational stations in Brazil, such as the one in the Federal District, and on other popular stations, like Rádio Nacional.…”

Der Weg nach Rio in Brazil: Histoire Croisée, Public Diplomacy and Film-Historical Research

“…Beginning with the era of Getulio Vargas in the 1930s, Brazil aimed to establish the country as a global cultural nation and supported the publicising of Brazilian culture abroad, such as Brazilian music. 23 To be known in the world for organised white slavery was not something Brazil would tolerate.…”

Embaixadas originais: diplomacia, jornalismo e as relações Argentina-Brasil (1888-1935)

“…Castro também ressalta com precisão que uma diplomacia cultural brasileira foi gestada na década de 1910 -e não na de 1920, como afirmam Dumont e Fléchet. 21 Efetivamente, o trânsito de jornalistas aqui analisado demonstra que já na primeira década do século XX esta diplomacia cultural informal, levada a cabo de maneira semi-independente pela imprensa, estava em marcha acelerada, com seus contornos tendo se delineado por volta de 1890. Suplantando os limites dos dois estados nacionais, ela também teve uma inequívoca característica transnacional.…”