Pastas estimulantes em sistemas de resinagem de <i>Pinus elliottii</i> var. <i>elliottii</i>

Abstract

RESUMOA utilização de pastas estimulantes tem por finalidade aumentar a taxa de fluxo de resina e o seu tempo de duração. No Horto Florestal de Itatinga -SP, 159 árvores de Pinus elliottii var. elliottii foram submetidas a tratamentos com 5 pastas estimulantes, Pasta Vermelha Alchem, Pasta com Ethephon Planebrás, Pasta Preta Resinas Brasil, Pasta Vermelha Eldorado e Pasta Teste (Paraquat + Ethephon) sendo comparadas ao Controle (Pasta Preta Planebrás). Foram realizadas explotações quinzenais e coletas trimestrais (do resultado de 5 estrias), determinando-se o peso de resina das árvores durante 2,5 anos. A aplicação de pastas estimulantes com ethephon não mostrou vantagem sobre aplicação de pastas sem ethephon. As pastas estimulantes aplicadas diferiram nas pesagens realizadas. Nos tratamentos efetuados, a porcentagem de breu variou de 71,33% a 76,56% e a terebintina entre 10,37% a 13,78%. O teor de alfa-pineno variou de 37,70% a 53,31%, sendo que o de beta-pineno de 34,34% a 50,41%. Palavras-chave: Pinus; estimulação; resina. ABSTRACTSThe use of stimulating pastes aims to increase the rate of resin flow and its time of duration. In the Forest Experiment Station of Itatinga, São Paulo state, 159 trees of Pinus elliottii var. elliottii were were submitted to the treatments with 5 stimulant pastes, (Red Alchem, Paste with Ethephon Planebrás, Black Resin Brazil, Red Eldorado and Test Paste (Paraquat + Ethephon) that was compared to the Control (Black Planebrás). Biweekly chipping and collects every three months were accomplished (from the result of 5 grooves), being determined the resin weight during 2.5 years. The application of stimulating pastes with ethephon did not show significant advantage about application of pastes without ethephon. The stimulant pastes applied were different in the weightings performed. In the treatments applied, the percentage of pitch ranged from 71.33% to 76.56% and the turpentine ranged from 10.37% to 13.78%. The yield of alpha-pinene ranged from 37.70% to 53.31%, and of beta-pinene from 34.34% to 50.41%.

Isothermal Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Data for a Binary System of (−)-α-Pinene + (−)-Limonene and a Quaternary System of (−)-α-Pinene + (−)-Limonene + Water + Ethephon at 313.2, 323.2, and 333.2 K

“…11 For application of ethephon to pine trees, the secreted turpentine was 71.33−76.56%, in which α-pinene content of 37.70−53.31%, and β-pinene content of 34.3− 50.41%. 12 α-Pinene, the most abundant component of turpentine, can promote apoptosis, and its derivatives have the potential to be used as lead compounds for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma drugs. 13,14 Pine trees themselves can secrete metabolites (such as α-pinene) to defend against the wilt disease caused by pine wood nematodes.…”

“…As early as 1987, Bhatt proposed a 466-fold increase in gum production after treating Anogeissus latifolia with 1600 mg of ethephon . For application of ethephon to pine trees, the secreted turpentine was 71.33–76.56%, in which α-pinene content of 37.70–53.31%, and β-pinene content of 34.3–50.41% . α-Pinene, the most abundant component of turpentine, can promote apoptosis, and its derivatives have the potential to be used as lead compounds for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma drugs. , Pine trees themselves can secrete metabolites (such as α-pinene) to defend against the wilt disease caused by pine wood nematodes. , In addition, camphene and limonene with higher added values can be derived by the isomerization of α-pinene. , (−)-Limonene, a component of turpentine, is widely used in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc .…”