Overburden and Coal Transportation Research on Open Pit Mines

Abstract

The open pit mining of mineral deposits (first of all, the development of coal deposits) is of great importance for the economy of Russia as a whole, as well as for individual regions, including the Kemerovo region -Kuzbass. In 2018, 255.3 million tons of coal were extracted in Kuzbass, of which 165.8 million tons (65%) were produced by open-cast method. There is no reason to believe that the part of coal extracted at open-pit mines will decrease. Taking into account that the Russian Federation Government Decree No. 14-r of January 24, 2012 approved the Long-Term Development Programme for the Coal Industry of Russia until 2030, which includes, among other things, the Subprogramme "Development of Production Potential of Existing Coal Production and Processing Facilities and Development of New Coal Deposits", one of the objectives of which is the introduction of advanced coal production technologies, and the Subprogramme "Ensuring Technological Development of the Industry and Strengthening the Scientific and Technical Base of the Russian Coal Industry", it is safe to say that it is necessary to develop the key areas of this Program, in particular, the development of new and existing technologies and types of equipment aimed at improving the efficiency of coal mining, preparation, processing and integrated use and increasing the added value of coal products. Road transport currently dominates the transportation of overburden and coal at open-pit mines. Its share has been steadily growing since the 1970s. This is due to objective reasons, firstly, rather limited area of application of railroad transport: considerable range of transportation, large cargo turnover and shallow depth of the mine. First, it concerned the depth of the open-pit mines, because when deepening the quarry by one bench it was necessary to extract significant volumes of overburden to ensure the placement of transport berms because of the large radius of curvature of the railway track, which reached 200 m. Therefore, given the fact that the openpit mining had gone to great depths at almost all enterprises, there was a widespread abandonment of rail transport for in-quarry transport in favour of dump trucks. That is why the problem of research and description of key characteristics of quarry transport at open pit coal mining is actual.

Justification of the Number and Type of Tire Size for a Dump Truck with a Lifting Capacity from 90 to 130 Tons

“…Mining is a complex technological process for extracting solid, liquid and gaseous minerals from the bowels of the Earth using technical means, requiring high costs [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. At present, at mining enterprises, the main types of transportation of minerals are railway, road and conveyor transport (Fig.…”

“…Large-sized equipment is usually used in various difficult industrial conditions [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]14]. That is why it needs special materials and spare parts.…”

Method for installing cryogenic fuel tanks on the deck of BelAZ 7513 mining dump truck

“…The efficiency of open-cast mining of mineral resources directly depends on the type of vehicles used. Today, the main type of vehicles for rock mass haulage is heavy-duty mining dump trucks [1][2][3][4].…”

Evaluation of Effect of the Excavator Cycle Duration on its Productivity

“…The main factors that affect the productivity of the excavation-and-loading complex are the following: condition and reliability of the excavator, its technical characteristics [1][2][3][4]; timely delivery of dump trucks, which in its turn depends on the organization of work, quality of road surface [5], supply of spare parts, fuel and energy; quality of the face [6,15], estimated by its height, conditions of transport approach to the place of loading; the qualification of the excavator operator; condition and category of rocks, which characterizes the labor intensity of rock mass excavation [7][8][9][10]; quality of blasting of rocks; thickness of the excavated layer at digging; the bucket filling ratio; length of digging trajectory for full bucket filling [11][12][13]; width of the cutting edge of the excavator bucket; technological scheme of working off the bench; the place of installation of an excavator when working off the bench [14]; the load capacity of the dump truck [16]; the angle of rotation of the bucket during loading [17][18][19][20]; loading method [21]; the length of the worked-out rock block [22]; coefficient of fragmentation of rock in the excavator bucket; climatic conditions [23].…”