Outcome of young children with autism

Abstract

The study aims were to identify developmental trajectories of young children with autism and investigate their prognostic factors. The participants were 208 children, assessed first at the age of 5 years, followed longitudinally, and reassessed 3 years later. The children's clinical characteristics and the interventions received were recorded. The results indicated two distinct outcome groups with more stability than change. When changes did occur, they pertained to symptom severity (which decreased) and speech level and adaptive behavior (which improved). A logistic regression analysis pointed out two main risk factors (symptom severity and speech level) and two main protection factors (communication skills and person-related cognition). Surprisingly, the amount of intervention (in terms of number of hours) was not related to outcome.

Characteristics of Children Who Lost the Diagnosis of Autism: A Sample from Istanbul, Turkey

“…It is known that disorders affecting the central nervous system, such as epilepsy [41], have a negative influence on outcomes [42]. The absence of such disorders in this group appears to be another factor that influences outcomes.…”

Effectiveness of the ADEC as a Level 2 screening test for young children with suspected autism spectrum disorders in a clinical setting

“…Given that autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) 1 are now thought to occur in around 1 in 88 births (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012), there is a clear need for reliable and valid screening tools. If reliable screening tools can lead to earlier diagnosis, a number of early interventions that have been found to be effective in reducing symptoms of ASDs and improving function could be implemented (Darrou et al, 2010;Dawson et al, 2010). In an effort to improve early detection, a number of autism-specific screening tools for toddlers have been developed, including an Australian tool, the Autism Detection in Early Childhood ADEC (Young, 2007).…”

Surface modification of polypropylene membrane by acrylate epoxidized soybean oil to be used in water treatment

“…That is, as children with AD or PDD are identified at an early age, intensive treatment regimens are likely implemented, educing an improved outcome thereby. As an example, Darrou et al [2010] examined children diagnosed with AD or PDD at median age 5½ years (T1). These children were re‐examined at median age 9 years (T2).…”

“…Between T1 and T2, these children received approximately 30 hr/week of intensive intervention. Darrou et al [2010] found CARS scores, on average, decreased significantly from moderate to mild AD, while the number of sentences used in speech increased from 21% to 47%.…”