Effectiveness of the ADEC as a Level 2 screening test for young children with suspected autism spectrum disorders in a clinical setting

Dix, Leigh; Fallows, Rachael; Murphy, Glynis H.

doi:10.3109/13668250.2015.1014323

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Experts missed 39% of children with ASD when asked whether they would refer the child for an evaluation after each 10-min sample, indicating that this rating tool is not effective in detecting risk for ASD in toddlers in a brief observation during a semi-structured interaction. Additional brief observational screening measures have been developed, including the Autism Detection in Early Childhood (ADEC; Dix et al, 2015) and the Rapid Interactive Test for Autism in Toddlers (RITA-T; Choueiri and Wagner, 2015), though further research with larger samples is needed to evaluate their potential utility. Despite the potential benefit of using level-two detection methods to determine early risk for ASD, adequate measures are not currently available for toddlers within the recommended screening age.…”

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confidence: 99%

Psychometric analysis of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags for autism spectrum disorder in toddlers

Dow

Guthrie

Stronach

et al. 2016

Autism

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The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags as an observational level-two screening measure to detect risk for autism spectrum disorder in toddlers when used with a video-recorded administration of the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales. Psychometric properties of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags were examined in a sample of 247 toddlers of 16- to 24 months old: 130 with autism spectrum disorder, 61 with developmental delays, and 56 typically developing. Individual items were examined for performance to create an algorithm with improved sensitivity and specificity, yielding a total Composite score and Domain scores for Social Communication and Restricted Repetitive Behaviors. Codes indicating clear symptom presence were collapsed to yield a count of the number of Red Flags for the overall scale and each symptom domain. Results indicated significant group differences with large effects for the Composite, both Domain scores, and Red Flags score, and good discrimination (area under the curve = 0.84–0.87) between autism spectrum disorder and nonspectrum groups for the Composite, Social Communication Domain, and Social Communication Red Flags score. The Systematic Observation of Red Flags provides an observational screening measure for 16- to 24-month-olds with good discrimination, sensitivity, and specificity. A cutoff of 20 on the Composite is recommended to optimally detect autism spectrum disorder risk.

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confidence: 99%

Psychometric analysis of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags for autism spectrum disorder in toddlers

Dow

Guthrie

Stronach

et al. 2016

Autism

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“…The last study that we found was by Dix, Fallows, and Murphy (). They used a retrospective file audit to investigate the clinical effectiveness of the ADEC as a Level 2 autism screening tool in a community setting.…”

Section: A Review Of Studies Examining the Adec’s Effectiveness In Eamentioning

confidence: 84%

Examining Autism Detection in Early Childhood (ADEC) in the Early Identification of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Young

Nah

2016

Australian Psychologist

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Objective: Screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an important first step in the identification of children considered at risk of developing the disorder and in need of further assessment, intervention, and services. In this paper, we reviewed some commonly used ASD-specific screening tools and focused on the use of an ASD-specific screening tool developed in Australia, the Autism Detection in Early Childhood (ADEC), in enhancing the early identification of young children with ASD. The ADEC was developed as a clinician-administered screening tool that was time-efficient, suitable for children under 3 years, easy to administer, and suitable for persons with minimal training and experience with ASD. Method: A systematic search of published research studies was performed to review key findings of the ADEC and some commonly used ASD-specific screening tools through February 2015. The Psych-Info and Google Scholar online databases were searched concurrently for entries containing any combination of the terms (a) autism screening and (b) autism detection in early childhood. Results: We found four studies suggesting that screening for ASD using the ADEC can be sensitive and specific in children under the age of three. The ADEC is comparable to some commonly used ASD-specific screening tools. Conclusions: Based on the studies presented, as compared to some commonly used ASD-specific screening tools, the ADEC is a sound and effective ASD screening tool, suitable for use with young children ranging from 12-36 months of age, and can be used with confidence to compliment the developmental surveillance and assessment processes. There is also the potential and possibility of translating the ADEC across different socio-economic populations, including developing and low-resource countries.

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“…The child is scored on each behavior from 0 (appropriate) to 2 (inappropriate), allowing a maximum score of 32. Several converging validity assessments have been reported (Dix et al, 2015; Hedley et al, 2015; Nah, Young, & Brewer, 2014; Nah, Young, Brewer, & Berlingeri, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitfalls When Using Area Under the Curve to Evaluate Item Content for Early Screening Tests for Autism

Lucas

Brewer

Young

2022

Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment

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Evaluations of early screening tests for autism commonly rely on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and comparisons of area under the curve (AUC). Whether AUC differs significantly from chance or between test items is not always assessed. Two recent and independent evaluations of the Brief Autism Detection in Early Childhood (BADEC) constructed a short-form by selecting the five items with the highest AUC values, leading to inconsistencies regarding appropriate item content (Nah et al., 2018; Nevill et al., 2019). Using significance testing to compare AUC values for each test item from each dataset, we demonstrate which items justify inclusion in the BADEC, which items can be ruled out, and highlight key factors influencing AUC significance testing outcomes.

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Effectiveness of the ADEC as a Level 2 screening test for young children with suspected autism spectrum disorders in a clinical setting

Abstract: The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record.

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Psychometric analysis of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags for autism spectrum disorder in toddlers

Psychometric analysis of the Systematic Observation of Red Flags for autism spectrum disorder in toddlers

Examining Autism Detection in Early Childhood (ADEC) in the Early Identification of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Pitfalls When Using Area Under the Curve to Evaluate Item Content for Early Screening Tests for Autism

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