Orofacial and systemic manifestations in 212 paediatric HIV patients from Chennai, South India

Abstract

Oral lesions are a common feature in paediatric HIV infection. Their management is vital to improve the quality of life of the infected children.

Oral manifestations in human immunodefi ciency virus infected pediatric patients receiving and not receiving antiretroviral therapy: a cross sectional study

“…Similar association has also been reported by Ranganathan et al (2010) among pediatric HIV patients from South India (22,17). The presence of oral lesions has signifi cant eff ects on the health related quality of life in HIV patients.…”

Prevalência de manifestações bucais em crianças infectadas pelo HIV: uma revisão da literatura

“…In a study with children not under antiretroviral therapy, its prevalence reached 56.1%. 8 Aphthous ulcer and angular cheilitis were also reported in most of the selected studies, being identified in 8 of the 11 papers (Table 2). Aphthous ulcers are common in HIV-infected children and often present with larger sizes.…”

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Its diagnosis is difficult due to the presence of the maternal anti-HIV antibody that crosses the placental barrier and may be detectable in children up to 18 months of age. 6,17 After virus infection, patients can spend several years without manifesting the disease.…”

“…16,19,20 Due to children's immature immune system, HIV infection symptoms are different from adults, manifesting with faster progression of the disease, higher frequency of bacterial infections and a lower prevalence of oral neoplasias. 7,8,17,19,25 HIV-infected children have a higher prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions, salivary gland dysfunction and dental caries compared with the general pediatric population. 8,10,26 Oral manifestations commonly associated with HIV in children differ according to the stage of the disease and include candidiasis, herpes simplex, linear gingival erythema, parotid enlargement, and aphthous stomatitis.…”

“…7,8,17,19,25 HIV-infected children have a higher prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions, salivary gland dysfunction and dental caries compared with the general pediatric population. 8,10,26 Oral manifestations commonly associated with HIV in children differ according to the stage of the disease and include candidiasis, herpes simplex, linear gingival erythema, parotid enlargement, and aphthous stomatitis. 27 Lesions such as Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) are strongly associated with HIV but they are not common in children.…”