Organophosphine/phosphite‐stabilized silver(I) complexes bearing N‐hydroxysuccinimide ligand: synthesis, solid state structure and their potential use as MOCVD precursors
Abstract:Six organophosphine/phosphite-stabilized silver(I) N-hydroxysuccinimide complexes of type [C 4 H 4 NO 3 AgÁL n ] (L = PPh 3 ; n = 1, 2a; n = 2, 2b; L = P(OEt) 3 ; n = 1, 2c; n = 2, 2 d; L = P(OMe) 3 ; n = 1, 2e; n = 2, 2f) were prepared. These complexes were obtained in high yields and characterized by elemental analysis, 1 H NMR, 13 C{ 1 H} NMR and IR spectroscopy, respectively. The molecular structure of 2b has been determined by X-ray single-crystal analysis in which the silver atom is in a distorted tetra… Show more
“…[1,2] Silver salts or Ag 2 O are often added as cocatalyst, additive, oxidant and supporting agent to accelerate reaction processes. [3][4][5][6][7] However, silver ion is generally not regarded as a part of catalyst, but is required for the reaction, which is called the silver effect. With regard to the homogeneous systems aided with high-valence metal ions, for example, Rh (III)catalyzed synthesis of naphthalenes, [8,9] silver salts are normally used as external oxidant to recover the activity of catalysts.…”
The coupling mechanism of benzoic acid, phenoxy acetylene and dihydroisoquinoline in 1,4-dioxane was investigated in detail using the M06-L and M06-2X functionals. The barriers for the energetically more favorable pathway are 179.9, 85.4 and 82.7 kJ/mol. Ag + activates and polarizes the C ≡ C triple bond of phenoxy acetylene, and stabilizes the intermediate of α-acyloxy enol ester. NCI analyses demonstrate that the π-π stacking does not facilitate the coupling of benzoic acid and phenoxy acetylene. Due to the fact that α-acyloxy enol ester is naturally highly polarized, the subsequent addition of α-acyloxy enol ester and dihydroisoquinoline can occur without the aid of Ag +. The atomic polar tensor (APT) charge and fuzzy bond order (FBO) analysis reveal the variation of the two C-N bonds.
“…[1,2] Silver salts or Ag 2 O are often added as cocatalyst, additive, oxidant and supporting agent to accelerate reaction processes. [3][4][5][6][7] However, silver ion is generally not regarded as a part of catalyst, but is required for the reaction, which is called the silver effect. With regard to the homogeneous systems aided with high-valence metal ions, for example, Rh (III)catalyzed synthesis of naphthalenes, [8,9] silver salts are normally used as external oxidant to recover the activity of catalysts.…”
The coupling mechanism of benzoic acid, phenoxy acetylene and dihydroisoquinoline in 1,4-dioxane was investigated in detail using the M06-L and M06-2X functionals. The barriers for the energetically more favorable pathway are 179.9, 85.4 and 82.7 kJ/mol. Ag + activates and polarizes the C ≡ C triple bond of phenoxy acetylene, and stabilizes the intermediate of α-acyloxy enol ester. NCI analyses demonstrate that the π-π stacking does not facilitate the coupling of benzoic acid and phenoxy acetylene. Due to the fact that α-acyloxy enol ester is naturally highly polarized, the subsequent addition of α-acyloxy enol ester and dihydroisoquinoline can occur without the aid of Ag +. The atomic polar tensor (APT) charge and fuzzy bond order (FBO) analysis reveal the variation of the two C-N bonds.
This review describes metal‐organic precursors for the growth of metal‐containing thin films by chemical vapor deposition (CVD)‐based methods. The major emphasis is on precursors that have been reported since 2004, which corresponds to a time of major growth in this field. Progress in the development of metal‐organic precursors is documented for the main group, lanthanide, and group 4– 11 elements. In the main group elements, there has been considerable research activity directed toward the identification of strontium and barium precursors, due both to the technological importance of mixed oxide phases and the inherent difficulties in obtaining volatile, stable thermally complexes of these large metal ions. Aluminum, gallium, and indium have also been the subject of intense investigation because of the importance of many phases containing these elements. The group 4 and 5 elements titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, and tantalum have been the subject of considerable precursor development activity because of the importance of several mixed oxide phases and the applications of zirconium oxide and hafnium oxide as high‐permittivity gate materials in microelectronic devices. Growth of metal nitride films of these elements has also been an active area of research for use as barrier materials in microelectronic devices. The deposition of copper and other first‐row transition‐metal films from metal‐organic precursors is driven by the urgent need for copper metalization procedures in microelectronics device manufacturing. The atomic layer deposition (ALD) growth of the noble metals ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, and platinum has been a very active research area. The current state of metal‐organic precursor development is presented for each of these metallic elements.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.