Optimized and enhanced grid architecture for electric vehicles in Europe

Abstract

For an optimized large-scale roll-out of EVs in Europe whilst at the same time maximizing the potential of DER integration, an optimized and enhanced grid architecture for EVs in Europe has to be considered. The work in this paper is addressing this topic and summarizing the corresponding project findings. The aim of this approach is to provide a framework for the further investigation of selected use cases which allows implementing and comparing scenarios of different DSOs. Following a Smart Grid approach, the developed grid architecture implements energy grid entities and ICT components. The general framework was described including all its relevant clusters and indicating related entities. The network types used for this architecture are following the SGAM and Smart Grid Standards Map approach. A so called "Smart Grid Connection Point", which is a generic system interface, is used in this work to allow a more simplified graphical architecture model and increase its readability. Similar to the concept and purpose of the Smart Grid Connection Point, also the principle of an integration bus for entity clusters was introduced. From the Integration bus, the information from/to external systems passes through the Smart Grid Connection Point using one of a range of possible technological options. The position of EVs charging infrastructure within the framework is defined at the border between the domains DERs (generation) and consumption, which takes into account future V2G scenarios, where EVs may act as consumption and generation devices. EVSEs and DERs may be connected as standalone systems directly to the grid, or indirectly as part of one of the clusters at the customer premises domain which refers to the three location-wise types of charging, public, semipublic and private charging. Regarding controlled charging of EVs this optimized architecture allows a variety of different local, distributed or aggregated options which may involve different types of actors.

Electric Vehicle Charging: A Survey on the Security Issues and Challenges of the Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP)

“…The Outage and Restoration Management (ORM) is another example of an EMS designed to operate in the Field Area Network (FAN) of the smart grid's distribution tier, as described in the report of the programme ebalance-plus [56]. In the EU research programme named SmartNet [58] for the smart interaction schemes between the Transmission System Operator (TSO) and the DSO, and the EU research programme named PlanGridEV [123] for the grid planning and the operational principles of EV mass roll-out, an Outage Management System (OMS) is included in the architecture to not only identify and resolve outages, but also to keep logs of the grid's stability. Korba et al [116] introduce a two level anomaly detection framework based on regression decision trees to leverage the regularity and the predictability of the energy consumption, to build reference consumption patterns for residential micro-grids, and, ultimately, to predict power overloading attacks.…”

Optimized and enhanced grid architecture for electric vehicles in Europe

“…This includes the involvement of flexibility. In contrary to the DSO cluster, where the role of the enterprise is defined very specifically [2] according to the operational tasks, the role of energy market players may vary depending on its relation to the customer. A basic commonality at the operational zone can be found in the management systems, which aggregate either generation and/or consumption.…”

“…For being able to reach this goal, an optimized and enhanced grid architecture for EVs in Europe has to be considered. The work in this paper is addressing this topic and summarizing the corresponding project findings [2]. The high level requirements on "optimized and enhanced grid architecture for electric vehicles in Europe" can be derived from the objectives and vision of the project PlanGridEV (see Figure 1):  Harmonized European approach for the future DSO Smart Grid planning:…”

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