Optimization of the System of Irrigated Winter Wheat Protection Against Harmful Organisms in Southern Ukraine

Abstract

Introduction. Winter wheat is the main food crop grown in all soil and climatic zones of Ukraine. Harmful organisms are among the many factors that affect its yield. Under the steppe conditions, smut diseases, root rot, powdery mildew, septoriosis, orange leaf rust, various types of weeds, cereal aphids, wheat thrips, chinch bugs and others are hazardous. They lead to a significant loss of crop yield and cause deterioration in its quality [3]. Considering the foregoing, there is a need to study the effectiveness of comprehensive measures for the protection of winter wheat crops against diseases, pests and weeds. Analysis of recent research findings and publications. In many countries of the world, various aspects of winter wheat protection against harmful organisms are being investigated. In Ukraine, in particular, the application of herbicides Estrone, Grantar gold, Esteron + Puma super provided the highest

Technology of protection of winter wheat from harmful biota in the Northern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

“…G. Slobodianyk et al (2022) and O. Markovska et al (2018) in their papers note that substantial reserves of pathogenic microflora and phytophage larvae accumulate in the soil, which, without proper sanitary treatment of seed material, lead to damage to seeds and seedlings of winter wheat. The most practical and cost-effective method of protecting against wheat diseases is pre-sowing seed treatment with approved pesticides.…”

“…The plant protection system is a rather complex technological process and is implemented by consistently conducting a set of agrotechnical measures aimed at increasing plant productivity, considering their impact on harmful organisms and special chemical means of protection from pests, diseases, and weeds. The tactics of chemical protection against harmful biota have their own characteristics, so the decision to use pesticides against them is made based on various criteria (Secun et al, 2018;Markovska et al, 2018).…”

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“…G. Slobodianyk et al (2022) and O. Markovska et al (2018) in their papers note that substantial reserves of pathogenic microflora and phytophage larvae accumulate in the soil, which, without proper sanitary treatment of seed material, lead to damage to seeds and seedlings of winter wheat. The most practical and cost-effective method of protecting against wheat diseases is pre-sowing seed treatment with approved pesticides.…”

“…The plant protection system is a rather complex technological process and is implemented by consistently conducting a set of agrotechnical measures aimed at increasing plant productivity, considering their impact on harmful organisms and special chemical means of protection from pests, diseases, and weeds. The tactics of chemical protection against harmful biota have their own characteristics, so the decision to use pesticides against them is made based on various criteria (Secun et al, 2018;Markovska et al, 2018).…”

The role of winter wheat plant height in the formation of grain yield depending on varietal characteristics and weather conditions

“…These are such varieties as Okhtyrchanka Yuvileina, Svitanok Myronivskyi, Melodiia Odeska, Kubok, Zorepad, Ovidii, Shchedra Nyva, Oktava Odeska, and Slaven. In the studies of Markovska et al (2018), Gavrilyuk (2016) the Konka winter wheat variety produced a seed yield of 3.59 t/ha, which is 8.2% more than Khersonska 99.…”