Optimization of the Structurally Functional Changes in the Cultured Phytocoenoses in the Areas with Extreme Edaphic-Climatic Conditions

Калаев²,

Potapov³

et al. 2020

PTQ

The results of a study of the action of compounds of the general formula: 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline are presented. The most effective growth stimulants from compounds of the series 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline for yellow rhododendron (Rhododendron luteum) and Ledebur rhododendron (Rhododendron ledebourii) were revealed. Rhododendron seedlings were counted to study laboratory germination and planted in crates in closed ground on 21 days after the start of the experiment. It was established that the synthesized chemicals cause stimulation of the growth of species of the genus Rhododendron in comparison with existing commercial preparations. The efficiency of using solutions of compounds of the series 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline and their concentrations. A method of using compounds of this series as growth stimulants is disclosed, which allows increasing seed germination of species of the genus Rhododendron from 20 to 50%, increasing the height of Rhododendron luteum seedlings from 18 to 63%, and Rhododendron ledebourii from 33 to 183 %. Dihydroquinolines are most effective for species of the genus Rhododendron. Compounds containing a dihydro-6-quinolinyl substituent stimulate the growth of these plants. The specificity of the action of growth stimulants is noted. The expediency of using quinoline series compounds for the production of planting material of ornamental plants for landscaping is shown. It is suggested the auxin activity of compounds of the general formula: 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline. It is assumed that compounds of the series 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and 1-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-aminocarbothioyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline may have the stressprotective activity for species of the genus Rhododendron. The materials of the article are of practical value forbiologists, ecologists, plant growers.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of New Compounds of the Quinoline Series as Effective Stimulants of Growth Processes

Калаев²,

Potapov³

et al. 2020

PTQ

“…The cytogenetic method makes possible to adequately determine stability of the genetic material of the parent plant and its seed offspring, and, at the same time, to assess environmental tension in the collection area [16][17]. This property of the method is valuable because the environment affects the genotype not only of plants, but also of humans [18][19] and especially the phenotype [20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amount of Total Protein and fluctuating asymmetry of Betula pendula in Various Ecological Conditions

Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium Innovations in Life Sciences (ISILS 2019)

Zemlyanukhina²,

Калаев³

2019

The study was made about parameters of fluctuating asymmetry of the birch leaf blade and amount of total soluble protein of the seed progeny of Betula pendula in areas of Central Black Earth Region in different environmental conditions. The environmental impact on trees of weeping birch and its seed progeny in areas with different ecological pressure was shown. The high level of fluctuating asymmetry was revealed in maternal samples growing in conditions of anthropogenic pressure. The seed progeny of Betula pendula has the increased amount of total protein in polluted areas as compared to the control group (maternal trees and its seed progeny collected in the ecologically clean territory).

“…Morphological (Opalko and Opalko, 2015), geobotanical (Kuzemko, 2016), cytogenetic (Kalaev et al, 2006;Baranova and Kalaev, 2017;Yakymchuk, 2015) studies, and modeling of plants' reactions to extreme factors in cultivated cenosis (Bome et al, 2015) are used to assess the environmental situation. The modeling and extrapolation of the results from plants to humans have been used over recent years to forecast the environmental effect on the health of the population (Baranova and Kalaev, 2017;Chopikashvili et al, 2016;Butorina et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Physiological-Biochemical, Cellular and Sub-Cellar Characteristics of Betula Pendula as Markers of Seed Germination and Monitoring Territory Pollution

Zemlyanukhina²,

Калаев³

2019

PTQ

The amount of total soluble protein cytogenetic indices, germination ability in the seed progeny of Betula pendula in areas with different levels of anthropogenic pollution was studied. The seed progeny of Betula pendula has an increased germination ability and total protein in areas with low pollution levels as compared to the control group (seeds collected in the ecologically clean territory) and to the same parameters for the areas with high levels of anthropogenic pressure. A high positive correlation was established between seed germination and the amount of total soluble protein. The parameter “amount of total protein” is characterized as a marker of seed germination, which determines the possibility of their germination. Cytogenetic parameters (mitotic activity, percentage ratio of cell number at mitosis stages, level of mitosis pathologies, level of cells with persistent nucleoli at metaphase - anaphase mitosis stage) of seed seedlings of weeping birch were studied as marker signs of anthropogenic pollution of territories. Relations between cytogenetic and biochemical characteristics were found. The impact of the environment, caused mainly by heavy metal pollution, on birch trees and their seed progeny, can be defined as hormesis by biochemical and cytogenetic indices. A comprehensive study of cytogenetic and biochemical parameters can allow a quick and adequate evaluation of the seed quality of unknown origin which is especially important for plant industry and forestry as it allows selecting stable planting material and for the collection of material for pharmacognostic purposes in areas with different ecological pressure. Determining cytogenetic indices and the amount of total protein allows forecasting the germination capacities and germination abilities of the seeds of the weeping birch.