On-line coupling of solid-phase extraction to high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of estrogens in environment

Analysis and occurrence of residues of the hormones estriol, 17α- ethinylestradiol and 17β-estradiol in urban water supply by HPLC-DAD

“…The percentages of recovery of E3 and E2 in the samples of ultrapure water spiked with mixed standard of 3.0 ng L -1 , reached a value of 97% and 100% respectively, They were close to those found by Wang et al (2008) [21], which used the same concentration of fortification in raw water samples of river and obtained values of 91% for E3 and 99% for E2, using cartridge for solid phase extraction (SPE).…”

“…Besides, hormones can potentially affect the reproductive system of water ISSN: 2250-3021 www.iosrjen.org 985 | P a g e organisms, for example, causing feminization of male fish [5,18,19,20]. Due to low levels of contamination and the complexity of environmental matrices requiring the use of methods with high sensitivity and selectivity for the analysis of strogen residues [1,16,21], several analytical methods for hormones determination, using liquid chromatography coupled with several types of detectors have been developed. For detection of residual pharmaceuticals in aquatic environment in the range of ng L -1 and µg L -1 , the method used in some laboratories are based on solid phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [22] coupled to a diode array detection [23].…”

Simultaneous determination of five estrogens and four androgens in water samples by online solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…Estrogens and androgens are mostly analyzed separately [29][30][31][40][41][42][43][44] and a few of studies refer to simultaneous determination of them [27,[45][46][47][48][49]. Our work attempted to simultaneously detect estrogenic and androgenic hormones of different polarities.…”

Progress in Sample Pretreatment for Analysis of Estrogens with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

“…In order to seek more effective, environmental friendly, and economic enrichment materials for the application of on-line SPE analysis, many scholars pay attention on the development of new materials, including amino column [65] , hydrosulfonyl column [66] , copper isonicotinate coordination polymer [67] , -cyclodextrin silica gel [68] , polymer columns [69,70] , immunoaffinity column [71,72] , expanded graphite [73] , multi-walled carbon nanotube [74] , and some application even use cotton [75] and cigarette filter [76,77] for on-line adsorption of organic pollutants and perfect results could be obtained. The properties of these new adsorbents are low cost, easy producibility, some of which can be used repeatedly.…”