Occurrence of Fusaproliferin and Beauvericin in Fusarium -Contaminated Livestock Feed in Iowa

Abstract

Fusarium fungal contaminants and related mycotoxins were investigated in eight maize feed samples submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Fusarium moniliforme, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans were isolated from seven, eight, and five samples, respectively. These strains belonged to mating populations A, D, and E of the teleomorph Gibberella fujikuroi. Fusaproliferin was detected at concentrations of 0.1 to 30 μg/g in four samples, and beauvericin was detected (0.1 to 3.0 μg/g) in five samples. Fumonisins were detected in all eight samples (1.1 to 14 μg/g). Ten of 11 strains of F. proliferatum and all 12 strains ofF. subglutinans isolated from the samples produced fusaproliferin in culture on whole maize kernels (4 to 350 and 100 to 1,000 μg/g, respectively). Nine F. proliferatum strains also produced beauvericin in culture (85 to 350 μg/g), but none of the F. subglutinans strains produced beauvericin. Fumonisin B1 was produced by all nine F. moniliformestrains (50 to 2,000 μg/g) and by 10 of the F. proliferatum strains (1,000 to 2,000 μg/g). This is the first report of the natural occurrence of fusaproliferin outside Italy and of the natural occurrence of beauvericin in North America.

Effects of temperature, incubation period and substrate on production of fusaproliferin by Fusarium subglutinans ITEM 2404

“…The fusaproliferin levels produced in this experiment in maize cultures at 20°C were higher than those reported in previous studies Munkvold et al, 1998;Ritieni et al, 1997b), where the incubation temperature was 25°C. It has been reported that F. subglutinans has a lower optimum temperature for growth and predominates in cooler, more temperate areas than the other species from the Liseola section (Marasas et al, 1984).…”

“…The strain of F. subglutinans (mating population E of Gibberella fujikuroi) used in all experiments was originally isolated from maize in Iowa during 1996, and deposited in the culture collection of Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parasiti Vegetali as F. subglutinans ITEM 2404. It was reported to produce 1046mg g À1 of fusaproliferin but did not produce beauvericin (Munkvold et al, 1998).…”

“…Fusaproliferin was also toxic to the lepidopteran cell line SF-9 and human nonneoplastic B-lymphocyte cell line IARC/LCL 171 Ritieni et al, 1997b) and showed teratogenic effects on chicken embryos (Ritieni et al, 1997a). Recently the presence of fusaproliferin has been reported in maize from Italy (Ritieni et al, 1997b) and in feed samples from Iowa (Munkvold et al, 1998). It is possible that fusaproliferin, alone or in association with other toxins, plays a role in the aetiology of several animal diseases.…”

Pathogenicity of Toxigenic Fusarium proliferatum from Date Palm in Saudi Arabia

“…FB 1 extraction and analysis were performed by HPTLC according to the procedure described by Munkvold et al (27) and MON extraction and analysis as described by Bottalico et al (3).…”

Efecto ovicida de hongos del suelo sobre huevos de <i>Toxocara canis</i> (Werner) Jhonston

“…Fusarium causan micosis oportunistas en pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas, una de estas especies es F. oxysporum (Girmenia et al, 2000). En individuos inmunocompetentes puede causar queratitis, onicomicosis y ocasionalmente peritonitis y celulitis (Dignani & Anaissie, 2004 (Munkvold et al, 1998;.…”