Pathogenicity of Toxigenic Fusarium proliferatum from Date Palm in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Fusarium proliferatum was isolated for the first time from roots and leaves of declining date-palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in the Al-Qassim and Al Medina Al Monawara regions in Saudi Arabia. The disease symptoms caused by F. proliferatum, which include wilt and dieback, were similar to those caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis, the causal agent of Bayoud, the most important disease of date palm found in North Africa. Koch's postulates were completed by stem injection of date-palm seedlings using two strains of F. proliferatum. The pathogenicity tests, performed on local cv. Succary using two strains of F. proliferatum isolated from roots, produced severe symptoms of disease. The identity of F. proliferatum was confirmed by comparing the data obtained by partial sequences of a large subunit of rDNA to American and European Gene Bank data. All nine F. proliferatum strains isolated from diseased plants were shown to belong to mating population D of Gibberella fujikuroi. Finally, the strains were also tested for the production of beauvericin, fumonisin B1, fusaproliferin, fusaric acid, and moniliformin. Two strains out of nine were able to produce all five toxins and all strains produced at least three of them. This is the first time that toxigenic F. proliferatum strains known to belong to mating population D of G. fujikuroi were isolated from diseased date-palm plants.

Pathogenicity and mycotoxin production by Fusarium proliferatum isolated from onion and garlic in Serbia

“…Mating population D of G. fujikuroi has been reported occurring on several host plants (Leslie 1995), including maize (Leslie et al 1990), asparagus (Elmer 1995), palms (Abdalla et al 2000;Armengol et al 2005) and rice (Desjardins et al 1997), where the most common MP is C. Fusarium proliferatum has been considered by several authorities as the anamorph of both C (syn. F. fujikuroi) and D MPs, that differ significantly in toxin production (Desjardins et al 1997.…”

“…Each extract was eluted in 1 ml of methanol and filtered through an Acrodisk filter (pore size, 0.22 mm), before highperformance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis, performed for BEA according to the procedure described by Logrieco et al (1993) and for FUP following the procedure described by Logrieco et al (1996). FA extraction and analysis were performed as previously described (Abdalla et al, 2000). FB 1 extraction and analysis were performed by HPTLC according to the procedure described by Munkvold et al (1998) and MON extraction and analysis as described by Bottalico et al (1982).…”

“…In particular, F. proliferatum has been reported as a pathogen of maize , rice (Desjardins et al 1997), asparagus (Elmer 1990), date palm (Abdalla et al 2000) and ornamental palms (Armengol et al 2005). Moreover, this is a toxigenic species, producing a broad range of toxins, such as fumonisin B 1 (FB1; , moniliformin (MON; Marasas et al 1984) beauvericin (BEA; Logrieco et al 1995), fusaric acid (FA; Bacon et al 1996), and fusaproliferin (FUP; Ritieni et al 1995).…”

Mycotoxins Biosynthesized by Plant-Derived Fusarium Isolates / Tvorba Mikotoksina U Vrstama Roda Fusarium Izoliranim Iz Biljaka

“…It has been found to be the main metabolite produced by Fusarium subglutinans strains isolated from maize ears worldwide (29). The role of BEA as an important secondary metabolite of phytopathogenic Fusarium species was suggested when its production by several strains of F. proliferatum isolated from different diseased host plants, including maize, asparagus, and date palm was detected (30)(31)(32). This toxin is a specifi c cholesterol acylotransferase inhibitor and it is toxic to several human cell lines, as it induces apoptosis and DNA fragmentation (4,33).…”

Untersuchungen zum endophytischen Befall von Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg in geernteten Stangen von Spargel (Asparagus officinalis L.)

“…Neben dem Nachweis von F. oxysporum als dominierende Art wurde in diesem Zusammenhang auch erstmalig F. proliferatum nachgewiesen (Goßmann et al 2001). Diese Fusarium-Art kolonisiert als Wurzel-, Stängel-und Fruchtfäulerreger vor allem in tropischen Anbaugebieten wirtschaftlich bedeutsame Kulturpflanzen wie den Mais, Weizen, Sorghum, Dattelbäume und Reis (Chulze et al 1996;Leslie et al 1992;Abdalla et al 2000;Desjardins et al 1997). Gemeinsam mit F. verticillioides (Sacc.)…”