Novel Antioxidant Collagen Peptides of Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenserbaerii) Cartilages: The Preparation, Characterization, and Cytoprotection of H2O2-Damaged Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs)

Abstract

For making full use of aquatic by-products to produce high value-added products, Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) cartilages were degreased, mineralized, and separately hydrolyzed by five kinds of proteases. The collagen hydrolysate (SCH) generated by Alcalase showed the strongest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·) and hydroxide radical (HO·) scavenging activity. Subsequently, thirteen antioxidant peptides (SCP1-SCP3) were isolated from SCH, and they were identified as GPTGED, GEPGEQ, GPEGPAG, VPPQD, GLEDHA, GDRGAEG, PRGFRGPV, GEYGFE, GFIGFNG, PSVSLT, IELFPGLP, LRGEAGL, and RGEPGL with molecular weights of 574.55, 615.60, 583.60, 554.60, 640.64, 660.64, 885.04, 700.70, 710.79, 602.67, 942.12, 714.82, and 627.70 Da, respectively. GEYGFE, PSVSLT, and IELFPGLP showed the highest scavenging activity on DPPH· (EC50: 1.27, 1.05, and 1.38 mg/mL, respectively) and HO· (EC50: 1.16, 0.97, and 1.63 mg/mL, respectively), inhibiting capability of lipid peroxidation, and protective functions on H2O2-damaged plasmid DNA. More importantly, GEYGFE, PSVSLT, and IELFPGLP displayed significant cytoprotection on HUVECs against H2O2 injury by regulating the endogenous antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) to decrease the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Therefore, the research provided better technical assistance for a higher-value utilization of Siberian sturgeon cartilages and the thirteen isolated peptides—especially GEYGFE, PSVSLT, and IELFPGLP—which may serve as antioxidant additives for generating health-prone products to treat chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress.

Bioactive Peptides from Skipjack Tuna Cardiac Arterial Bulbs: Preparation, Identification, Antioxidant Activity, and Stability against Thermal, pH, and Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion Treatments

“…According to the molecular size and polarity properties of BPs in the hydrolysate, multiple chromatographic methods were usually applied to prepare BPs from protein hydrolysates and their fractions [ 38 , 42 ].…”

“…As shown in Table 4 , TCP3 with the EC 50 value of 0.978 ± 0.006 mg/mL showed the highest DPPH· scavenging activity among 11 isolated peptides (TCP1 to TCP11), and other peptides with higher DPPH· scavenging activity were followed by TCP6 (1.062 ± 0.032 mg/mL), TCP9 (1.149 ± 0.039 mg/mL), and TCP4 (1.186 ± 0.008 mg/mL), respectively. Moreover, the EC 50 values of TCP3, TCP4, TCP6, and TCP9 were also lower than those of APs from tuna roes (SGE: 1.342 mg/mL; VEP: 3.313 mg/mL) [ 24 ], pond loach meat (PSYV: 2.64 mg/mL) [ 43 ], Tegillarca granosa (TPP: 1.38 mg/mL) [ 44 ], Siberian sturgeon cartilages (GEYGFE, PSVSLT 1.27 mg/mL; IELFPGLP: 1.38 mg/mL) [ 42 ], Mytilus edulis (YPPAK: 2.62 mg/mL) [ 45 ], salmon pectoral fin (TTANIEDRR: 2.50 mg/mL) [ 46 ], and Eucheuma cottonii (YSKT: 1.71 mg/mL; FYKA: 2.56 mg/mL) [ 47 ]. However, the EC 50 values of TCP3, TCP4, TCP6, and TCP9 were higher than those of APs from E. cottonii (YLL: 0.52 mg/mL) [ 47 ], blood cockle (WPPD: 0.36 mg/mL) [ 48 ], redlip croaker scales (GPEGPMGLE: 0.59 mg/mL, EGPFGPEG: 0.37 mg/mL, and GFIGPTE: 0.45 mg/mL) [ 49 ], and tuna milts (SVTEV: 0.89 mg/mL; VRDQY: 0.88 mg/mL) [ 50 ].…”

“…The EC 50 value of TCP3 was not significant lower than those of TCP6 (1.243 ± 0.027 mg/mL) and TCP9 (1.285 ± 0.016 mg/mL), but it was significantly lower than those of other eight isolated APs ( p < 0.05). In addition, the EC 50 values of TCP3, TCP6, and TCP9 on HO· were lower than those of APs from grass carp skin (VGGRP: 2.06 mg/mL) [ 51 ], Siberian sturgeon cartilages (IELFPGLP 1.63 mg/mL) [ 42 ], tuna roes (SGE: 2.76 mg/mL) [ 24 ], T. granosa (WLDPDG: 1.54 mg/mL) [ 48 ], and loach meat (PSYV: 2.64 mg/mL) [ 43 ]. However, the EC 50 values of TCP3, TCP6, and TCP9 on HO· were higher than those of tuna milts (AEM: 0.456 mg/mL; QDHKA: 0.536 mg/mL; YEA: 0.476 mg/mL) [ 24 ], Pacific oyster (LKQELEDLLEKQE:0.046 mg/mL) [ 52 ], Mytilus edulis (YPPAK (0.228 mg/mL) [ 45 ], redlip croaker scales (GPEGPMGLE: 0.45 mg/mL) [ 26 ], giant squid (NADFGLNGLEGLA: 0.612 mg/mL) [ 53 ], T. granosa (WPPD: 0.38 mg/mL) [ 48 ], and Antarctic krill (SLPY: 0.826 mg/mL; EYEA 0.946 mg/mL) [ 54 ].…”

Isolation, identification, molecular docking analysis, and cytoprotection of seven novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from miiuy croaker byproducts-swim bladders

“…Globle fish production reached around 179 million tons and approximately 50% of these catches become byproducts during factory processing (Manikkam et al, 2016, Sila andBougatef, 2016;Sheng et al, 2022). Those fish byproducts will lead to serious environmental problems if they can't be handled properly (Zhang et al, 2019;Yang et al, 2019a).…”

Novel Peptide from the Hydrolysate of Hybrid Sturgeon (Acipenseridae) Spinal Cord: Isolation, Identification, and Anti-proliferative Effects in Human Cervix Cancer Cells

“…Chinese sturgeon culture production is approximately 4.4 million tons, accounting for nearly 80% of world production. 17 With the exception of caviar, the byproducts of sturgeon were not effectively utilized, including the spinal cord of sturgeon. Thus, this study investigated the anti-proliferative peptides derived from the hydrolysate of hybrid sturgeon spinal cord (Huso dauricus ♀ × Acipenser schrenckii ♂, Acipenseridae, HSSC) and focused on the relationship between the structure of HSSC peptides and anti-proliferative mechanisms by using HeLa cells.…”