Bioactive Peptides from Skipjack Tuna Cardiac Arterial Bulbs: Preparation, Identification, Antioxidant Activity, and Stability against Thermal, pH, and Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion Treatments

Abstract

Cardiac arterial bulbs of Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) are rich in elastin, and its hydrolysates are high quality raw materials for daily cosmetics. In order to effectively utilizing Skipjack tuna processing byproducts-cardiac arterial bulbs and to prepare peptides with high antioxidant activity, pepsin was selected from six proteases for hydrolyzing proteins, and the best hydrolysis conditions of pepsin were optimized. Using ultrafiltration and chromatographic methods, eleven antioxidant peptides were purified from protein hydrolysate of tuna cardiac arterial bulbs. Four tripeptides (QGD, PKK, GPQ and GLN) were identified as well as seven pentapeptides (GEQSN, GEEGD, YEGGD, GEGER, GEGQR, GPGLM and GDRGD). Three out of them, namely the tripeptide PKK and the pentapeptides YEGGD and GPGLM exhibited the highest radical scavenging activities on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and superoxide anion assays. They also showed to protect plasmid DNA and HepG2 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, they exhibited high stability under temperature ranged from 20-100 °C, pH values ranged from 3-11, and they simulated gastrointestinal digestion for 240 min. These results suggest that the prepared eleven antioxidant peptides from cardiac arterial bulbs, especially the three peptides PKK, YEGGD, and GPGLM, could serve as promising candidates in health-promoting products due to their high antioxidant activity and their stability.

Bioactive Peptides from Skipjack Tuna Cardiac Arterial Bulbs (II): Protective Function on UVB-Irradiated HaCaT Cells through Antioxidant and Anti-Apoptotic Mechanisms

“…The cell viability of TCP3 (PKK), TCP6 (YEGGD) and TCP9 (GPGLM) groups were 70.15 ± 3.98%, 66.17 ± 5.04% and 65.20 ± 1.66%, respectively, which was significantly higher than those of the model group and other eight peptide groups ( p < 0.001), suggesting that they could significantly alleviate the oxidative stress damage of HaCaT cells caused by UVB radiation. This finding was in agreement with the previous results that TCP3 (PKK), TCP6 (YEGGD) and TCP9 (GPGLM) exhibited higher antioxidant ability among 11 antioxidant peptides (TCP1-TCP11) [ 30 ]. Therefore, the protective function and mechanism of TCP3 (PKK), TCP6 (YEGGD) and TCP9 (GPGLM) on the UVB-irradiated HaCaT cell model will be further discussed.…”

“…Elastin hydrolysate of tuna cardiac arterial bulbs was usually used in daily cosmetics. Then, eleven antioxidant peptides, including QGD (TCP1), GEQSN (TCP2), PKK (TCP3), GPQ (TCP4), GEEGD (TCP5), YEGGD (TCP6), GEGER (TCP7), GEGQR (TCP8), GPGLM (TCP9), GLN (TCP10), and GDRGD (TCP11), were purified and identified from its hydrolysate in our previous research, and TCP3 (PKK), TCP6 (YEGGD) and TCP9 (GPGLM) were found to have significantly radical scavenging ability and protective function on H 2 O 2 -damaged DNA and HepG2 cells [ 30 ]. Therefore, the objectives of the study were to systematic research the cytoprotective function of TCP3 (PKK), TCP6 (YEGGD) and TCP9 (GPGLM) on UVB-irradiated HaCaT Cells through antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.…”

Identification of Antioxidative Peptides Derived from Arthrospira maxima in the Biorefinery Process after Extraction of C-Phycocyanin and Lipids

“…Additionally, its amino acid sequence and composition with a richness of hydrophobic amino acid could contribute to such high bioactivities. This was reported by several authors in different studies [ 30 , 36 ]. Therefore, the F-A was subjected to a further analysis with LC-MS/MS to identify the sequence of the active peptides.…”

“…Numerous studies have found that a few key factors, such as molecular weight, amino acid compositions, and amino acid sequence, play critical roles in bioactivity [ 30 , 36 ]. Conventionally, in order to obtain a high purity of bioactive peptides, ion exchange chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC have been used to purify bioactive peptides.…”

Eighteen Novel Bioactive Peptides from Monkfish (Lophius litulon) Swim Bladders: Production, Identification, Antioxidant Activity, and Stability

“…Alcalase hydrolysate of Antarctic Krill had the highest radical scavenging ability among the five hydrolysates [ 56 ]. Nangnoi strain hydrolysate generated by alcalase showed the highest activities among the three hydrolysates [ 57 ]. In the study, MSBH produced by papain shows the highest activity further proving this conclusion that specificity and conditions of proteases are the key factors for the generation of APs.…”