Abstract:Condições estruturais do desequilíbrio dinâmico; 2. As etapas do ciclo recente; 3. As tendências à crise; 4. A aceleração inflacionária e os mecanismos da especulação financeira.
“…It is impor-tant to highlight the "new" transnational financial capitalism in the process of strong expansion, which imposes severe obstacles on the government's economic policy and determines the (tense) way of coordination among those national actors. The financial system rewards speculation and penalizes productive investment (Tavares and Belluzzo, 1982;Tavares, 1973Tavares, , 1983.…”
This research analyzes the Brazilian structural economic crisis throughout the 1970s and 1980s and the political responses of the Authoritarian National Developmentalism (1964-1985). Firstly, the study highlights the nature of the international oil crises of 1973 and 1979, showing an unexpected rise in interest rates by the US Central Bank and the tightening of external credit after 1979. Rising interest rates meant the end of liquidity in the international credit finance market and the beginning of a drastically recessive policy in Brazil. These factors contributed to the erosion of the growth model based on external debt, a model reflected in two main paradigms: the “economic miracle” (1968-1973) marked by high GDP growth rates; and the II National Development Plan (II PND) (1974-1979), focused on deepening the import substitution industrialization (ISI). The collapse of authoritarianism led to hyperinflation, external indebtedness, and the state’s fiscal crisis, exposing the hegemony of rentier, nonproductive financial capitalism. The second part of the article investigates the negative externalities of the structural economic crisis at the social level, such as concentration, centralization, and closing of the decision-making process, hindering workers’ participation; the intensification of union mobilizations for wage recomposition; the spread of unemployment/underemployment in metropolitan regions; the wage squeeze; the increase in unhealthy labor relations and, therefore, the thinning of the social fabric.
“…It is impor-tant to highlight the "new" transnational financial capitalism in the process of strong expansion, which imposes severe obstacles on the government's economic policy and determines the (tense) way of coordination among those national actors. The financial system rewards speculation and penalizes productive investment (Tavares and Belluzzo, 1982;Tavares, 1973Tavares, , 1983.…”
This research analyzes the Brazilian structural economic crisis throughout the 1970s and 1980s and the political responses of the Authoritarian National Developmentalism (1964-1985). Firstly, the study highlights the nature of the international oil crises of 1973 and 1979, showing an unexpected rise in interest rates by the US Central Bank and the tightening of external credit after 1979. Rising interest rates meant the end of liquidity in the international credit finance market and the beginning of a drastically recessive policy in Brazil. These factors contributed to the erosion of the growth model based on external debt, a model reflected in two main paradigms: the “economic miracle” (1968-1973) marked by high GDP growth rates; and the II National Development Plan (II PND) (1974-1979), focused on deepening the import substitution industrialization (ISI). The collapse of authoritarianism led to hyperinflation, external indebtedness, and the state’s fiscal crisis, exposing the hegemony of rentier, nonproductive financial capitalism. The second part of the article investigates the negative externalities of the structural economic crisis at the social level, such as concentration, centralization, and closing of the decision-making process, hindering workers’ participation; the intensification of union mobilizations for wage recomposition; the spread of unemployment/underemployment in metropolitan regions; the wage squeeze; the increase in unhealthy labor relations and, therefore, the thinning of the social fabric.
“…De acordo com Tavares et al (1979), o significado direto de industrialização é um método de desenvolvimento nas categorias produtivas em uma determinada economia. Engloba produção de bens de consumo diversos com intuito de satisfazer as várias formas de mercado, interno e externo.…”
Section: A Interdependência Perversa: Doenças Relacionadas Ao Trabalhunclassified
Qual o impacto na saúde do trabalhador brasileiro causado pela industrialização? Para responder a pergunta utilizamos os indicadores de segurança do trabalhador e de saúde do trabalhador, ambos elaborados pelas autoras, e o índice de complexidade econômica pertinente ao indicador de industrialização. Para cumprir com o objetivo e verificar o problema supracitado descrevemos as duas dimensões em termo de Brasil e comparando cada unidade federativa no período compreendido entre 2002 e 2012. Trabalhamos com a hipótese de que o aumento no número de casos de acidentes de trabalho está diretamente influenciado pela crescente industrialização do país. Foi utilizada metodologia quantitativa, com técnica de estatística descritiva e inferencial, com dados coletados em bases como DataPrev, DataInfo e Ipea. Os resultados apontam a associação entre o número de acidentes de trabalho com a industrialização, mostrando um impacto diluído nos estados da federação, diretamente relacionado ao grau de maior ou menor industrialização.
“…Como resultado, revertemos uma trajetória de crescimento e assistimos à maior recessão da história do país, com queda média de 2,3% do PIB, entre 1981 e 1983. Esse cenário rebateu em vários segmentos da economia brasileira, em especial na indústria pesada, cujas encomendas encolheram de forma acentuada (Tavares & Belluzzo, 1984).…”
Section: The Text Is Divided Into Five Topics the First Discusses unclassified
ResumoA finalidade deste artigo é discutir a atuação do Estado e do planejamento na implantação, na trajetória de expansão e na crise da indústria da construção naval pesada no Brasil
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