Not Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) or Nanofat, but Total Stromal-Cells (TOST): A New Definition. Systemic Review of Mechanical Stromal-Cell Extraction Techniques

Three states of stromal cells–solid, liquid, and aerosol–and innovative delivery methods not previously reported

“…The stromal cell can be obtained in liquid form when the condensed fat tissue is mixed with saline or similar liquid before adinizing (pre-adinizing) and then cut with ultra-sharp blades. Since the SVF term belongs to the final product in liquid form obtained with enzymatic products, and extracellular matrix and stromal cells are protected in mechanical methods, they call it total stromal cells (TOST) [4]. Stromal cells are generally applied to target tissue at the time of injection.…”

Practical Method for Prevention of Fat Embolism in Mechanical Stromal Cell Applications: IPs and IV Blood Transfusion Set

“… 2 As shown in recent studies, TOST is used in many indications, such as stromal vascular fraction. 1 , 2 Although there are no complications related to the mechanical methods described so far, the most important potential complication is fat embolism. There is always a possibility of adipose tissue or fat globules in the final product obtained.…”

“… 1 Copcu and Oztan examined a total of 276 studies and found 46 different terms to define the end product from mechanical methods. 2 Stromal vascular fraction is an enzyme-specific definition; the authors suggested total stromal cells (TOST) instead of stromal vascular fraction for the end product resulting from mechanical methods. 2 As shown in recent studies, TOST is used in many indications, such as stromal vascular fraction.…”

“… 2 Stromal vascular fraction is an enzyme-specific definition; the authors suggested total stromal cells (TOST) instead of stromal vascular fraction for the end product resulting from mechanical methods. 2 As shown in recent studies, TOST is used in many indications, such as stromal vascular fraction. 1 , 2 Although there are no complications related to the mechanical methods described so far, the most important potential complication is fat embolism.…”

Diet (Fat-free) Fat Grafting: The Truth behind the Mechanical Stromal Cell Transfers

“… 3 Therefore, in many mechanical methods, using the area where cell aggregates are found and where the ECM is concentrated has been recommended. The study by Copcu and Oztan 4 reported 46 different definitions related to mechanical methods, and it has been shown that the final product can be used in liquid, semi-solid, and solid formats. Regardless of the device or protocol chosen, there are two types of products obtained from mechanical methods (Fig.…”