Nitrogen washing from C3 and C4 cover grasses residues by rain

Rosolem, Ciro Antônio; Werle, Rodrigo; Garcia, Rodrigo Arroyo

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832010000600014

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The N accumulation on the aerial part of the plants is an important factor to be considered once it plays a fundamental role on the N cycling on the soil-plant system. The withheld N on the straw works as N reservation, since part of it will return to the soil after the straw mineralization (Rosolem et al, 2010). Regarding to the variables related to the aerial part of the plants and for both managements, the interaction "species × cut managements" was significant to DM, N accumulation and N use efficiency (Table 7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Soil dynamic alterations and use efficiency of nitrogen by Brachiaria species

Castoldi¹,

Reis²,

Freiberger³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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Under certain circumstances species of the Brachiaria genus, particularly B. humidicola might be able to suppress the biological nitrification in soil. This study aimed to investigate the ability of four Brachiaria species cultivated in Brazil to promote changes in the N dynamics in the soil as well as its capacity in use efficiently N under low N availability. In a greenhouse condition and using a Quartzipsamment soil, four species of Brachiaria (B. brizantha, B. decumbens, B. humidicola and B. ruziziensis) and two cut managements ("single cut" -performed at 140 days after seeding (DAS) and "cut/regrowth"-performed at 55 DAS and 85 days after the first cut (140 DAS)), plus a control treatment containing only soil were compared in a factorial design (4×2+1). The following evaluations were performed in plants: dry matter of shoots and roots, total N content, N accumulated and N use efficiency; and soil (which was split in rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric): ammonium, nitrate and total-N contents and pH value. Based on the soil inorganic-N content, there was no detectable effect of species in the soil nitrification process. Moreover, the highest ability of uptaking and using the N was observed in B. humidicola, which in the "single cut" management proved to be able to produce 201 g of shoot dry matter in response to each 1 g of N accumulated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Soil dynamic alterations and use efficiency of nitrogen by Brachiaria species

Castoldi¹,

Reis²,

Freiberger³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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“…Nitrogen inputs were different in each cropping system due to the introduction of legumes such as pigeon pea; however, an expected increase in soil N was not observed (Table 6). An explanation for this result is that under NT, a major part of the N in the system is retained in plant residues, as the rate of N recycling to the soil is slow, depending on the mineralization rate of the straw (Rosolem et al, 2010). Besides, a higher N demand by plants grown in the off‐season was probably compensated by the mineralization of the greater amount of residues remaining on the soil surface in each season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management Impacts on Soil Organic Matter of Tropical Soils

Castro

Crusciol

Calonego

et al. 2015

Vadose Zone Journal

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Increased soil organic matter (SOM) improves the cation exchange capacity of tropical weathered soils, and liming is required to achieve high yields in these soils. Despite a decrease in SOM in the short term, liming may increase SOM with time by improving cation chemical bonds with soil colloids. Soil C may also be increased in high dry matter input cropping systems. We evaluated C changes in a Typic Rhodudalf as affected by four production systems with increasing residue inputs, with or without limestone or silicate. Soil use intensification by increasing the number of species in rotation as well as acidity remediation resulted in higher plant residue production. Introducing a green manure or a second crop in the system increased plant residue by 89% over fallow, but when a forage crop was used, plant residues more than doubled. Soil acidity amelioration increased plant residue deposition by 21% over the control. The introduction of a forage crop increased labile SOM and C contents in the particulate fraction, and lime or silicate application led to increases in the more stable SOM fraction. High amounts of plant residues (>70 Mg ha−1 in 5 yr) are effective in raising soil labile C, but the alleviation of soil acidity results in increased soil stable C irrespective of crop rotations in tropical weathered soils, and in this case plant residue deposition can be lower. Lime and silicate are equally effective in alleviating soil acidity and increasing soil C, probably due to the formation of cation bridges with soil colloids.

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“…In current practice the cash crop is usually planted 14-21 d after cover crops desiccation and the residues are not incorporated. This would be an indication that N losses would be likely higher in the field, but it has to be considered that all this happens during the rainy season, and at least some of the N would be returned to the soil, washed from the straw by rains (Rosolem et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen budget in a soil-plant system after brachiaria grass desiccation

Castoldi

Pivetta

Rosolem

2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Brachiaria spp. have been grown in a variety of cropping systems and are often terminated with herbicides, which may cause nitrogen (N) loss from the soil-plant system. In this study ammonia (NH 3-N) loss by shoots and N balance in a soil-plant system were determined after desiccation of palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich) Stapf, cv. Marandu), signalgrass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf), humidicola (Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick) and Congo grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis Germain et Evrard). The grasses were grown in pots filled with an Oxisol in a greenhouse. Sixty days after planting, the plants were desiccated with glyphosate. Analyses were performed on plant and soil at desiccation and then at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after desiccation in order to assess NH 3-N losses by shoots and to estimate the N balance in the system. Total nitrogen (Total-N) concentration in shoots and roots of brachiarias decreased after desiccation, thereby reducing the amount of N in plants of the four brachiaria species. However, as most of the N lost by plants was released into the soil, N losses from the soil-plant system were small compared with the total N in the system: 1.2, 0.5, 0.4 and 1.4% for palisade grass, signalgrass, humidicola and Congo grass, respectively. N losses as NH 3 from the soil-plant system after desiccation with glyphosate varied among brachiaria species, ranging from 0.8 to 2.0 g m −2 kg −1 , and accounted for 30-80% of total loss.

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Nitrogen washing from C3 and C4 cover grasses residues by rain

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Soil dynamic alterations and use efficiency of nitrogen by Brachiaria species

Soil dynamic alterations and use efficiency of nitrogen by Brachiaria species

Management Impacts on Soil Organic Matter of Tropical Soils

Nitrogen budget in a soil-plant system after brachiaria grass desiccation

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