Nitrogen budget in a soil-plant system after brachiaria grass desiccation

Castoldi, Gustavo; Pivetta, Laércio Augusto; Rosolem, Ciro Antônio

doi:10.1080/00380768.2013.878641

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…A different result in terms of DM production of the shoots was observed by Castoldi et al (2014) ). In this way, it is understood that the N use efficiency by B. Humidicola is increased in soils with low fertility, likely due to the stimulus for production and release of "Brachialactone" compounds (Subbarao et al, 2009), which provides conditions for this species to produce similar values of DM compared to the other species of Brachiaria.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Soil dynamic alterations and use efficiency of nitrogen by Brachiaria species

Castoldi¹,

Reis²,

Freiberger³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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Under certain circumstances species of the Brachiaria genus, particularly B. humidicola might be able to suppress the biological nitrification in soil. This study aimed to investigate the ability of four Brachiaria species cultivated in Brazil to promote changes in the N dynamics in the soil as well as its capacity in use efficiently N under low N availability. In a greenhouse condition and using a Quartzipsamment soil, four species of Brachiaria (B. brizantha, B. decumbens, B. humidicola and B. ruziziensis) and two cut managements ("single cut" -performed at 140 days after seeding (DAS) and "cut/regrowth"-performed at 55 DAS and 85 days after the first cut (140 DAS)), plus a control treatment containing only soil were compared in a factorial design (4×2+1). The following evaluations were performed in plants: dry matter of shoots and roots, total N content, N accumulated and N use efficiency; and soil (which was split in rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric): ammonium, nitrate and total-N contents and pH value. Based on the soil inorganic-N content, there was no detectable effect of species in the soil nitrification process. Moreover, the highest ability of uptaking and using the N was observed in B. humidicola, which in the "single cut" management proved to be able to produce 201 g of shoot dry matter in response to each 1 g of N accumulated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Soil dynamic alterations and use efficiency of nitrogen by Brachiaria species

Castoldi¹,

Reis²,

Freiberger³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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“…The plant developmental stage with the highest NH 3 -N emission potential is senescence, because NH 3 -N concentration is increased as protein is degraded (Marstorp, 1995), and the amount of ammonia volatilized is proportional to the leaf N concentrations and temperature (Whitehead et al, 1988). Signalgrass and humidicola left 74% and 75% of their lost N during senescence available in the soil, respectively; palisade grass left 54% and ruzigrass 64% (Castoldi et al, 2014). Most of the N was lost as NH 3 -N, accounting for 30%-80% of the N total loss.…”

Section: N Losses Through Leaching Nitrous Oxide Emission and Ammonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the total N losses from the soil-plant system after grass desiccation ranged from 0.5% to 1.4% of the total N in the system, or 0.8 to 2.0 g m À2 kg À1 of dry matter. Considering a dry matter yield of 6 t ha À1 , NH 3 -N losses would range from 4.8 to 12.0 kg ha À1 (Castoldi et al, 2014).…”

Section: N Losses Through Leaching Nitrous Oxide Emission and Ammonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Plant Rooting and Crop System Management for Improved N Use Efficiency

Rosolem

Ritz

Cantarella

et al. 2017

Advances in Agronomy

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Despite the significant inroads into increasing agricultural productivity in recent decades, nitrogen remains a key limiting factor for crop growth and yield. Though highly variable globally, the amount of reactive N added yearly onto cropland that is subsequently lost to the environment remains high. As such the interest in agronomic approaches to address this and improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is currently very high. Here, we have shown the combined approaches of management interventions such as no-till, intercropping with leguminous and grass species, use of nitrogen inhibitors, and combined crop-livestock systems offer considerable potential for enhancing NUE and are already being readily deployed in the tropics. Grass species such as Brachiaria in particular have demonstrated enormous potential via their deep root architectures to reduce losses by leaching. However, the potential for increases in NUE through interaction and association of the root systems with the soil microbial community via rhizodeposits remains a major area for future research. Increasingly it is recognized that truly enhancing NUE requires consideration of the whole system. Improving

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“…urea, manures) in high pH soils or from stomatal emission from leaves of crops and grasses (Farquhar et al, 1980;Franco et al, 2008). Appreciable loss of N as gaseous NH3 may also occur after crop desiccation, and it has been shown that this loss increases with the amount of N accumulated in plant tissue (Castoldi et al, 2014). In field grown maize nearly 15% of the applied 15 N was lost through the leaves as NH3 (Francis et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover crops affect the partial nitrogen balance in a maize-forage cropping system

et al. 2020

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Part of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied to crops is lost to the environment, contributing to global warming, eutrophication, and groundwater contamination. However, low N supply stimulates soil organic N turnover and carbon (C) loss, since the soil N/C ratio in soil is quasiconstant, ultimately resulting in land degradation. Grasses such as ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) grown as winter pasture or a cover crop in rotation with maize (Zea mays) can reduce N leaching, however, this may induce N deficiency and depress yields in the subsequent maize crop. Despite the potential to decrease N loss, this rotation may negatively affect the overall N balance of the cropping system. However, this remains poorly quantified. To test this hypothesis, maize, fertilized with zero to 210 kg N ha -1 , was grown after ruzigrass, palisade grass (Urochloa brizanta) and Guinea grass (Pannicum maximum), and the N inputs, outputs and partial N balance determined. Despite the intrinsically poor soil quality associated with the tropical Ultisol, maize grown after the grasses was efficient in acquiring N, resulting in a negative N balance even when 210 kg ha -1 of N was applied after Guinea grass. Losses by leaching, N2O emission and NH3 volatilization did not exceed 13.8 kg ha -1 irrespective of the grass type. Despite a similar N loss among grasses, Guinea grass resulted in a higher N export in the maize grain due to a higher yield, resulting in a more negative N balance. Soil N depletion can lead to C loss, which can result in land degradation.

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Nitrogen budget in a soil-plant system after brachiaria grass desiccation

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Soil dynamic alterations and use efficiency of nitrogen by Brachiaria species

Soil dynamic alterations and use efficiency of nitrogen by Brachiaria species

Enhanced Plant Rooting and Crop System Management for Improved N Use Efficiency

Cover crops affect the partial nitrogen balance in a maize-forage cropping system

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