New species of the genus Leporinus Agassiz (Characiformes: Anostomidae) from the rio Curuá, rio Xingu basin, Serra do Cachimbo, Brazil, with comments on Leporinus reticulatus

Abstract

A new species of Leporinus Agassiz is described from the rio Curuá, a tributary of the rio Iriri, rio Xingu basin, Serra do Cachimbo, Pará State, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by the color pattern, which consists of eight to ten midlateral round dark blotches plus 20 to 40 smaller ones scattered over the body, dental formula 3/4, subinferior to inferior mouth, 37 to 38 lateral line scales, 4/3-4 transversal series of scales, and 12 circumpeduncular scale series. The new species most closely resembles L. octomaculatus and L. reticulatus from the upper Tapajós basin, and L. marcgravii and L. microphthalmus from the rio São Francisco and the rio Paranaíba, respectively. Based on recently collected specimens, L. reticulatus is re-diagnosed as having an allometric elongation of the snout. Uma nova espécie de Leporinus Agassiz é descrita do rio Curuá, um tributário do rio Iriri, bacia do rio Xingu, na Serra do Cachimbo, Pará, Brasil. A nova espécie é diagnosticada pelo padrão de colorido, que consiste de oito a dez manchas escuras arredondadas sobre a linha lateral e mais 20 a 40 manchas menores sobre o corpo, fórmula dental 3/4, boca subinferior a inferior, 37 a 38 escamas na linha lateral, 4/3-4 séries transversal de escamas, e 12 séries de escamas circumpedunculares. A nova espécie se assemelha a L. octomaculatus e L. reticulatus da bacia do alto Tapajós, e L. marcgravii e L. microphthalmus do rio São Francisco e rio Paranaíba, respectivamente. Com base em espécimes recentemente coletados, L. reticulatus é rediagnosticada como tendo um crescimento alométrico do focinho.

Two new species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae) from Serra do Cachimbo, Pará, Northern Brazil

“…Goulding et al (2003) suggested a high level of endemism for the species from the Serra do Cachimbo, suggestion confirmed by subsequent collections (Birindelli et al, 2009a;Sabaj Pérez, 2009). The description of Jupiaba kurua (Birindelli et al, 2009b), and Leporinus guttatus (Birindelli & Britski, 2009) from the rio Curuá provided evidence that the fish fauna upstream of the falls at Cachoeira da Serra was isolated from the rest of the drainage and is apparently highly endemic.…”

Two new species of Leporinus Agassiz (Characiformes: Anostomidae) from eastern basins of Brazil, and redescription of L. melanopleura Günther

“…In addition, both species have the fourth and fifth infraorbitals fused (character 9, state 1 of Sidlauskas & Vari, 2008). This last character is present in some other species with subinferior mouth (Birindelli & Britski, 2009), and shows some intra-specific variation (Sidlauskas & Vari, 2008: 86), but it is absent in species with inferior mouth (see Sidlauskas & Vari, 2008). Therefore, it is also possible that Leporinus melanopleura and L. melanopleurodes are sister taxa.…”

“…Recent collecting trips and increasing analysis of specimens deposited in fish collections have revealed a still great number of undescribed species in the genus (e.g., Birindelli & Britski, 2009;Feitosa et al, 2011), as well as many taxonomic problems yet to be investigated (e.g., Britski et al, 2011;Britski et al, 2012).…”

New species of Jupiaba Zanata (Characiformes: Characidae) from Serra do Cachimbo, with comments on the endemism of upper rio Curuá, rio Xingu basin, Brazil

“…The fish fauna above and below the large falls seems to be quite distinct. Above them, in addition to Jupiaba kurua, we sampled 35 species of fish, from which at least 13 (e.g., Moenkhausia petymbuaba Lima & Birindelli, 2006; Leporinus guttatus Birindelli & Britski, 2009), either seems to be restricted to the portion of rio Curuá above the falls (upper rio Curuá), or occur between the upper rio Curuá and tributaries of rio Braço Norte (e.g. Hyphessobrycon cf.…”