New Models for Large Prospective Studies: Is There a Better Way?

Manolio, Teri A.; Weis, Brenda K.; Cowie, Catherine C.; Hoover, Robert N.; Hudson, Kathy; Kramer, Barnett S.; Berg, Chris; Collins, Rory; Ewart, Wendy; Gaziano, J. Michael; Hirschfeld, Steven; Marcus, Pamela M.; Masys, Daniel R.; McCarty, Catherine A.; McLaughlin, John; Patel, Alpa V.; Peakman, Tim; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Schaefer, Catherine; Scott, Joan A.; Sprosen, Timothy; Walport, Mark J.; Collins, Francis S.

doi:10.1093/aje/kwr453

Cited by 113 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…schizophrenia). UK Biobank had an invitation response rate of only 6% 22, and the cohort is not representative of the UK population in some respects (e.g. health‐related behaviours such as smoking).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ‘cognitive footprint’ of psychiatric and neurological conditions: cross‐sectional study in the UK Biobank cohort

Cullen

Smith

Deary

et al. 2017

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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ObjectiveWe aimed to quantify the prevalence of cognitive impairment in adults with a history of mood disorder, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease, within a large general population cohort.MethodCross‐sectional study using UK Biobank data (n = 502 642). Psychiatric and neurological exposure status was ascertained via self‐reported diagnoses, hospital records and questionnaires. Impairment on reasoning, reaction time and memory tests was defined with reference to a single unexposed comparison group. Results were standardised for age and gender. Sensitivity analyses examined the influence of comorbidity, education, information sources and missing data.ResultsRelative to the unexposed group, cognitive impairment was least common in major depression (standardised prevalence ratios across tests = 1.00 [95% CI 0.98, 1.02] to 1.49 [95% CI 1.24, 1.79]) and most common in schizophrenia (1.89 [95% CI 1.47, 2.42] to 3.92 [95% CI 2.34, 6.57]). Prevalence in mania/bipolar was similar to that in multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Estimated population attributable prevalence of cognitive impairment was higher for major depression (256 per 100 000 [95% CI 130, 381]) than for all other disorders.ConclusionAlthough the relative prevalence of cognitive impairment was lowest in major depression, the population attributable prevalence was highest overall for this group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adults aged 40–69 years who were registered with the National Health Service (NHS) and living within 25 miles of a study assessment centre were invited by post to participate in UK Biobank, with a response rate of approximately 6% 22. Data from the full cohort at baseline ( n = 502 642) were used in the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘cognitive footprint’ of psychiatric and neurological conditions: cross‐sectional study in the UK Biobank cohort

Cullen

Smith

Deary

et al. 2017

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…New models of scalable population‐based data collection are necessary 5. The digital health revolution may have the potential to transform health care by offering larger scale phenotyping performed outside of standard research clinic settings 6, 7, 8, 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Connectedness in the Framingham Heart Study

Fox

Hwang

Nieto

et al. 2016

JAHA

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BackgroundNew avenues of data collection such as eHealth and mobile technology have the potential to revolutionize the way large populations can be assessed and managed outside of standard research and clinical settings.Methods and ResultsA digital connectedness survey was administered within the Framingham Heart Study from 2014 to 2015. The exposure was usage of the Internet, email, cell phones, and smartphones in relation to demographic and cardiovascular disease risk factors; all results were adjusted for age and sex. Among 8096 living study participants, 6503 (80.3%) completed the digital survey. Among survey responders, 5678 (87.4%) reported regular Internet use. Participants reporting regular Internet use were younger (aged 59.1 versus 76.5 years, P<0.0001), were more likely to be employed (70.3% versus 23.7%, P=0.002), and had more favorable cardiovascular disease risk factors than those who did not use the Internet (all P≤0.05). Overall, 5946 (92.1%) responders reported using cell phones. Among cell phone users, 3907 (67.8%) had smartphones. Smartphone users were younger (aged 55.4 versus 68.5 years, P<0.0001), more likely to be employed (81.1% versus 43.9%, P<0.0001) and to have a college education, and less likely to have hypertension (27.9% versus 55.7%, P=0.0002) than those who did not use smartphones.ConclusionsDigital connectedness varies substantially by age; connected persons tend to be younger and better educated and to have more favorable cardiovascular disease risk factor profiles. Less than two‐thirds of study participants who completed the survey had a smartphone. The generalizability of studies focused on digitally connected persons may have limitations.

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“…Health cohorts with large numbers of participants distributed across a wide socio-economic spectrum and geographical context not only ensures representativeness but it also means that there is substantial statistical power in detecting complex associations between the various attributes of BE and specific disease outcomes [118]. This is possible as a significantly large number of people having a specific health condition will be captured within a very large cohort.…”

Section: Improvements In Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%