Net energy content of canola meal fed to growing pigs and effect of experimental methodology on energy values1

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and net energy (NE) contents of canola meal (CM) and to investigate the effects of basal diet [corn diet vs. corn-soybean meal (SBM) diet] and methodology (difference method vs. regression method) on energy values of CM. Thirty-six growing barrows (20.8 ± 1.0 kg initial body weight [BW]) were individually housed in metabolism crates and randomly allotted to one of six dietary treatments to give six replicates per treatment. The six experimental diets included a corn diet, a corn-SBM diet, a corn diet with 15 or 30% of CM, and a corn-SBM diet with 15 or 30% of CM. The DE, ME, and NE of CM were determined using the corn diet or the corn-SBM diet as a basal diet. In each basal diet, two additional diets containing 15 or 30% of CM were formulated to compare the determined energy values by the difference method and estimated energy values from the regression method. Feeding level was set at 550 kcal ME/kg BW0.6 per day. Pigs were fed experimental diets for 16 d including 10 d for adaptation and 6 d for total collection of feces and urine. Pigs were then moved into indirect calorimetry chambers to determine 24 h heat production (HP) and 12 h fasting HP. The DE, ME, and NE of CM determined by the difference method were within the 95% confidence intervals estimated for the DE, ME, and NE of CM by the regression method regardless of the basal diets used, which indicates that the difference and regression methods give equivalent DE, ME, and NE of CM. However, when the goodness of fit for the linear model was compared, the r2 of the regression analysis from the corn-SBM diet (0.78) was relatively greater than that from corn diet (0.40). The estimated NE of CM by the prediction equations generated by either the corn diet or corn-SBM diets were 2,096 kcal/kg and 1,960 kcal/kg (as-fed basis), respectively, whereas those values determined by the difference method were 2,233 kcal/kg and 2,106 kcal/kg (as-fed basis), respectively. In conclusion, the NE of CM determined in the current study was, on average, 2,099 kcal/kg (as-fed basis). The difference and regression methods do not give different NE value of CM fed to growing pigs. Although the NE values of CM determined using either the corn diet or the corn-SBM diet were not different, the greater r2 of the regression analysis from the corn-SBM diet than that from the corn diet suggests that the corn-SBM diet is a more appropriate basal diet for NE determination of ingredients.

Effect of canola meal inclusion as a major protein source in gestation and lactation sow diets with or without enzymes on reproductive performance, milk composition, fecal bacterial profile and nutrient digestibility

“…A common practice in processing plants all over Canada is to add some oil refining products (1-2%) including gums and soapstocks back to the solvent-extracted meal, which increases the energy content of the meal since, the gums have been shown to contain around 50% of oil (McCuaig and Bell, 1981;Newkrik, 2009). The concentration of ME and NE in solvent extracted CM was reported to be 2,842 and 2,309 kcal/kg DM, respectively for growing pigs (Kim et al, 2018). Net energy values (2,102 and 2,341 kcal/kg for B. napus yellow and B. juncia yellow, respectively) reported in studies by Heo et al (2014) were also comparable to those reported by Kim et al (2018) for growing pigs.…”

“…The concentration of ME and NE in solvent extracted CM was reported to be 2,842 and 2,309 kcal/kg DM, respectively for growing pigs (Kim et al, 2018). Net energy values (2,102 and 2,341 kcal/kg for B. napus yellow and B. juncia yellow, respectively) reported in studies by Heo et al (2014) were also comparable to those reported by Kim et al (2018) for growing pigs. The higher energy content for B. juncia could be due to the higher CP and starch content, and lower NDF content of B. juncea when compared to B. napus.…”

Effects of Probiotics BaSC06 on Intestinal Digestion and Absorption, Antioxidant Capacity, Microbiota Composition, and Macrophage Polarization in Pigs for Fattening

“…After entering the intestinal tract, these bacteria can become dominant and compete for space and nutrition with harmful bacteria in the intestine, thereby playing the role of “curing bacteria with bacteria” ( 6 ). The most commonly used probiotics in animal production are Lactobacillus and Bacillus ( 7 – 9 ). Bacillus is preferred as a feed supplement due to its higher resistance to harsh environments ( 10 ).…”

Effects of stocking density on growth performance, blood parameters and immunity of growing pigs

“…Previous studies on the effects of stocking density on pigs mainly focused on growth performance, behavior habit, and animal welfare ( Anderson et al., 2012 ). The health of growing pigs is vital to overall growth stages and the economic efficiency of swine industry ( Kim et al., 2018 ). The understanding of how stocking density affects the health of pigs requires a detailed evaluation on growing pigs.…”