Nanochitosan supports growth of Zea mays and also maintains soil health following growth

Abstract

The present study evaluated the effect of nanochitosan in combination with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), PS2 and PS10 on maize growth. The PGPR were earlier recognized as Bacillus spp. on the basis of 16S rDNA sequencing. The observation revealed enhanced plant health parameters like seed germination (from 60 to 96.97%), plant height (1.5-fold increase), and leaf area (twofold). Variability in different physicochemical parameters (pH, oxidizable organic carbon, available phosphorous, available potassium, ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen) was observed. Activities of soil health indicator enzymes (dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis and alkaline phosphatase) were also enhanced 2 to 3 fold. Plant metabolites with respect to different treatments were also analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and the result revealed an increase in the amounts of alcohols, acid ester and aldehyde compounds. Increase in organic acids indicates increased stress tolerance mechanism operating in maize plant after treatment of nanochitosan.

The effect of chitosan–PMAA–NPK nanofertilizer on Pisum sativum plants

“…Several studies, on the other hand, documented toxic effects of nanoparticles in higher plants (Dimkpa et al 2013;Rajkishore 2013) and negative impact on the environment (Ray et al 2009). Nano-chitosan enhanced the growth of corn used in combination with Rhizobacteria (Khati et al 2017). Application of CS-PMAA-NPK NPs resulted in positive effects on the growth and productivity of wheat plants (Abdel-Aziz et al 2016).…”

Agricultural and Biomedical Applications of Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials

“…Moreover, nanochitosan application on maize has elevated the levels of organic compounds such as phenols, aldehydes, ketones, etc. that are acting as stress tolerance regulators [ 70 ]. Additionally, plants synthesize more antioxidants and antioxidative enzymes to neutralize the higher levels of ROS produced during stress as a result of the disrupted electron transport chain and express specific proteins like late embryogenesis abundant protein that are known to have a defensive function [ 59 , 71 ].…”

“…At the same time, an increase in defensive phenols and antioxidant enzymes was seen at a lower 0.05% concentration for broad beans [ 149 ]. On the other hand, the application of nanochitosan at 50 ppm concentration was shown to support microbial activity and soil health [ 70 ]. Hence, the nano-chitosan concentration has to be controlled to obtain positive effects while minimizing the toxic side effects on plants.…”

Peningkatan hasil dan penekanan kejadian penyakit pada jagung manis (Zea mays var. Bonanza) dengan pemanfaatan biostimulan berbahan kitosan

“…Kemudian, berdasarkan hasil profil fisik, tongkol jagung yang diperlakukan dengan kitosan dalam berbagai formula berukuran lebih besar dan mempunyai warna yang lebih kuning dibandingkan dengan kontrol (Gambar 1). Khati et al (2017) yang menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi nanokitosan pada tanaman jagung meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga berpengaruh pada kenaikan bobot biomassa tanaman. Nanokitosan memiliki ukuran partikel yang jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan formula kitosan lainnya sehingga lebih mudah terserap dan masuk ke dalam sistem metabolisme tanaman (Abdel-Aziz et al, 2016, Khati et al, 2017.…”

“…Khati et al (2017) yang menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi nanokitosan pada tanaman jagung meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga berpengaruh pada kenaikan bobot biomassa tanaman. Nanokitosan memiliki ukuran partikel yang jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan formula kitosan lainnya sehingga lebih mudah terserap dan masuk ke dalam sistem metabolisme tanaman (Abdel-Aziz et al, 2016, Khati et al, 2017. Partikel nano masuk ke dalam sel melalui mekanisme endositosis (Behzadi et al, 2018).…”