“…The abundance of inclusion bodies, however, has varied from parrot to parrot, and in some cases the inclusion bodies were either rare or absent entirely. Splenic necrosis, enteritis, pancreatitis, tracheitis, and air sacculitis have been variable features of PD (3,5,7,15,24,30,35,40,41). Additional assays that have been used to confirm the diagnosis of PD have included immunocytochemical staining of impression smears (15) and paraffin-embedded sections (33), electron microscopy of negatively stained supernatants of crushed tissues, and virus isolation (6, 15-18, 26, 30).…”