Myopia Control with Orthokeratology Contact Lenses in Spain: Refractive and Biometric Changes

Abstract

Orthokeratology contact lens wear reduces axial elongation in comparison to distance single-vision spectacles in children.

Higher spherical equivalent refractive errors is associated with slower axial elongation wearing orthokeratology

“…So the results of "A higher level of SER was associated with smaller increases in AL" could attribute to the OK lens. At present, most OK lens [3][4][5][11][12][13][14][15] Table 3 Trend test to estimate the relationship between the change in axial length (AL) at 2 years relative to baseline and myopia spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) at baseline after adjusting for potential confounders. reports were for low to moderate myopes.…”

“…At present, orthokeratology (OK) is the most effective non-pharmacological method in slowing down myopia progression compared to the use of single-vision spectacle lenses (SV) [3][4][5], bifocal spectacles [6], progressive addition lenses [7,8], soft lenses [9], and rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGP) [10]. However, the biggest challenge is to identify those children who may benefit from the use of OK. Investigators have tried to identify the factors affecting the efficacy of OK in myopic control such as initial age [11][12][13][14], spherical equivalent refractive errors (SER) [11][12][13][14][15], pupil diameter [13,16], age of myopia onset [13], myopia progression 2 years before baseline [13], anterior chamber depth [13], and parental refraction [13].…”

Axial Length in Orthokeratology Patients: Large Case Series

“…Ortho-K is the application of specially-designed, reverse-geometry; rigid-gas-permeable contact lenses worn only while sleeping to temporarily reshape the cornea, such that refractive error is corrected without the need to wear any correction during waking hours. To date, numerous clinical studies have reported a beneficial effect of Ortho-K on slowing or stopping myopic progression [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Ortho-K requires adherence to prescribed wear time, and children in one retrospective study were shown to be very adherent to the prescribed Ortho-K wearing schedule [26].…”

Stabilization in early adult-onset myopia with corneal refractive therapy

“…Corneal refractive therapy has proved to be efficacious to slow myopia progression in children in at least 5 different peer reviewed and published studies around the world [10][11][12][13][14][15], including one controlled randomized clinical trial [16][17][18]. However, these studies have been conducted only in early onset myopia.…”