Multiobjective Bayesian Optimization for Active Load Modulation in a Broadband 20-W GaN Doherty Power Amplifier Design

Chen, Peng; Xia, Jing; Merrick, Brian M.; Brazil, T.J.

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2016.2636146

Cited by 61 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…More than 700 training nodes are assigned to each sub-cluster. Moreover, no initial guesses are required [31]. Furthermore, according to the continuous mode operation technique, the third harmonic impedance, thus Z CF M 3 must be equated to ∞.…”

Section: Modelling Of the K-means Unsupervised Learning Clusteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Varieties of techniques and architectures that are based on the Doherty operating principle have been proposed for bandwidth extension [15]- [45]. Some of these techniques are the real frequency technique [21], Bayesian optimisation technique [31] and continuous mode technique [32][33][34][35][36]. Sun and Jansen [21] proposed the design of two-way symmetrical Doherty power amplifiers (TW-SDPAs) using real frequency technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the recorded FBW is less than 30%. Similarly, Chen et al [31] also proposed Bayesian optimisation for designing the TW-SDPAs. Nevertheless, the measured FBW is less than 47%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Naah

Giofrè

2020

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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Achieving a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of more than 60% has been a challenging problem for two-way symmetrical Doherty power amplifiers (TW-SDPAs) that are designed using continuous mode technique. As reported in the literature, these designed continuous mode-based TW-SDPAs possess less than 52% FBW which cannot satisfactorily meet the challenging, complex and ever-evolving modulation schemes' demands. To overcome such a limitation, this paper proposes a novel approach based on fuzzy logic techniques able to simplify and to speed up the design of continuous mode-based TW-SDPAs with state-ofart FBW. In particular, the proposed technique uses K-means unsupervised learning clustering algorithm and continuous mode technique in a modelled fuzzy logic system environment. As a result, extensive impedance solution design space is readily made available and the optimal impedances required by the carrier and peaking sub-amplifiers for efficiently operating at the saturation and output-power-back-off (OPBO) levels are automatically obtained. For verification, a TW-SDPA was designed and measured. According to the measured results, the TW-SDPA operates within 1.2−2.4 GHz frequency band, corresponding to 66.7% FBW. As compared to the designed continuous modebased TW-SDPAs reported in the literature, this work indicates over 15% increment in FBW. Moreover, 41.59%−81.1% drain efficiency (DE) at saturation, 35%−63% DE at 6 dB OPBO, 42−45 dBm output power and 7−10.52 dB gain were successfully achieved. Adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) better than −46 dBc and average DE within 46%−55% were successfully recorded after linearisation.Index Terms-Continuous mode, Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs), fuzzy logic technique, fractional bandwidth (FBW).

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Section: Modelling Of the K-means Unsupervised Learning Clusteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Naah

Giofrè

2020

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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“…According to the research in [29][30][31], the new point x N+1 is obtained by a search algorithm, and the new …”

Section: Electromechanical Codesign Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Active Skin Antenna with 3D Printing Array Framework

Zhou

Kang

et al. 2017

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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An active skin antenna with structural load-bearing and electromagnetic functions is usually installed in the structural surface of mobile vehicles such as aircrafts, warships, and high-speed train. This paper presents the design, fabrication, and testing of a novel active skin antenna which consists of an encapsulation shell, antenna skin, and RF and beam control circuits. The antenna skin which consists of the facesheet, honeycomb, array framework, and microstrip antenna elements was designed by using Bayesian optimization, in order to improve the design efficiency. An active skin antenna prototype with 32 microstrip antenna elements was fabricated by using a hybrid manufacturing method. In this method, 3D printing technology was applied to fabricate the array framework, and the different layers were bonded to form the final antenna skin by using traditional composite process. Some experimental testing was conducted, and the testing results validate the feasibility the proposed antenna skin structure. The proposed design and fabrication technique is suitable for the development of conformal load-bearing antenna or smart skin antenna installed in the structural surface of aircraft, warships, and armored vehicles.

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“…Power amplifier designed by Peng Chen et al using Bayesian optimization strategy provides results of average efficiency around 45%-53%. [2] The work carried out by F. A. Mughal et al, power amplifier designed using GaN able to achieve maximum efficiency of 67% and output power of 37 dBm in the frequency range of 150-550 MHz. [3] The work presented by Alireza proposed design method with Butterworth/Chebyshev low pass filter topology to obtain a microstrip-based matching network achieved a satisfactory results of efficiency of 63.6% and output power of 43 dBm in the desired frequency range of 1.2-1.4 GHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-wideband GaN HEMT power amplifier with practical mixed lumped approach employing real-frequency technique

Lim

Kumar

Yarman

et al. 2017

IEICE Electron. Express

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An ultra-wideband power amplifier (PA) design employing Real Frequency Technique (RFT) with Gallium Nitride high-electron-mobilitytransistor (GaN HEMT) technology is presented. The practical implementation was done with combination of distributed and lumped elements (mixed lumped elements combination) for the need of industrial requirements for the small form factor and low cost. This is an attractive approach for Software Defined Radio (SDR) products to meet wide bandwidth range of 80-2200 MHz. The measured results of the prototype reported good performance over the bandwidth of the interest (i.e. power of 34 dBm to 43 dBm, efficiency about 39% to 69% and gain in the range of 11 dB to 18 dB), and reasonable agreement with the simulated data. According to author's knowledge, these results are significant for single-ended GaN HEMT device for the wideband operation starting from low frequency 80-2200 MHz.

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Multiobjective Bayesian Optimization for Active Load Modulation in a Broadband 20-W GaN Doherty Power Amplifier Design

Cited by 61 publications

References 26 publications

Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Active Skin Antenna with 3D Printing Array Framework

Ultra-wideband GaN HEMT power amplifier with practical mixed lumped approach employing real-frequency technique

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