Multifunctional nanoparticle for cancer therapy

Abstract

Cancer is a complex disease associated with a combination of abnormal physiological process and exhibiting dysfunctions in multiple systems. To provide effective treatment and diagnosis for cancer, current treatment strategies simultaneously focus on various tumor targets. Based on the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanocarriers have been shown to exhibit excellent potential for cancer therapy. Compared with nanoparticles with single functions, multifunctional nanoparticles are believed to be more aggressive and potent in the context of tumor targeting. However, the development of multifunctional nanoparticles is not simply an upgraded version of the original function, but involves a sophisticated system with a proper backbone, optimized modification sites, simple preparation method, and efficient function integration. Despite this, many well‐designed multifunctional nanoparticles with promising therapeutic potential have emerged recently. Here, to give a detailed understanding and analyzation of the currently developed multifunctional nanoparticles, their platform structures with organic or inorganic backbones were systemically generalized. We emphasized on the functionalization and modification strategies, which provide additional functions to the nanoparticle. We also discussed the application combination strategies that were involved in the development of nanoformulations with functional crosstalk. This review thus provides an overview of the construction strategies and application advances of multifunctional nanoparticles.

Application of stem cells in regeneration medicine

“…229 After systemic administration of both, a small num-ber of porous polylactide-co-glycolide (PGLA)-NP-loaded ADSCs gradually release statin for tissue regeneration, 230 significantly enhancing the therapeutic effect. To overcome the resistance to chemotherapy drugs, researchers have designed a NP containing RGD 231,232 and increased the efficacy of adriamycin against cancer stem cells (CSCs).…”

“…After systemic administration of both, a small number of porous polylactide‐co‐glycolide (PGLA)‐NP‐loaded ADSCs gradually release statin for tissue regeneration, 230 significantly enhancing the therapeutic effect. To overcome the resistance to chemotherapy drugs, researchers have designed a NP containing RGD 231,232 and increased the efficacy of adriamycin against cancer stem cells (CSCs). NPs can enhance the transplantation potential of human hematopoietic stem cells, 233 suggesting that NPs have the potential to overcome the current limitations of HSC gene editing.…”

Utilization of Functionalized Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticle as Targeted Drug Delivery System for Cancer Therapy

“…A multifunctional nanomaterial is not merely an improved form of the initial capability [ 13 ]. In fact, multifunctional nanostructures incorporate multiple functions into a single particle to increase the carrier’s utility [ 14 ].…”

Cu2+-Pyropheophorbide a-Cystine Conjugate: Synergistic Photodynamic/Chemodynamic Therapy and Glutathione Depletion Improves the Antitumor Efficacy and Downregulates the Hypoxia-Inducing Factor

“…Although nanotechnologies provide effective drug delivery systems for the development of multifunctional therapeutic agents, 24 their clinical translation is limited by the complex preparation technology, high cost, low drug loading rate, poor release timing, and unpredictable toxicity risk when loading multiple therapeutic drugs on a single nanocarrier. 25 These limitations must be overcome by an integrated single-molecule drug capable of acting synergistically with PDT, CDT, and depleting GSH (DG). In this study, the conjugate compound CuPPaCC integrated the functions of PDT, CDT, and DG.…”