Multifunctional Glyco‐Nanosheets to Eradicate Drug‐Resistant Bacteria on Wounds

Abstract

Bacterial infection is becoming increasingly lethal with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, and wounds plagued by such infection are notoriously difficult to heal. Here, the first use of galactose-black phosphorus nanosheets, (Gal-BP NSs) as a delivery platform for synergistic antibiotic (kanamycin, Kana) and photothermal treatments against the Gram-negative microbial strain, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (PAO1) is reported. Gal-BP NSs@Kana can actively target PAO1 and release kanamycin into the bacterial cytoplasm upon near-infrared laser irradiation. This strategy kills most of the PAO1 through a simultaneous burst of intracellular kanamycin release and photothermal treatment. Comparable antibacterial activities of Gal-BP NSs@Kana are observed within in vivo mouse models at their wound sites. In addition, this platform accelerates wound healing from PAO1 infection via promotion of neoangiogenesis and collagen production at the wound sites. This work demonstrates the material properties of Gal-BP NS in fighting bacterial infections and in the treatment of wound healing.

Multifunctional Injectable Hydrogel Loaded with Cerium-Containing Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles for Diabetic Wound Healing

“…In Masson’s trichrome staining ( Figure 7 B), the blue color was the collagen and the red color was the keratin or muscle fibers [ 29 ]. In the 5/G hydrogel group, collagen fibers with higher density were distributed in the wound area at day 7 and day 21, the collagen bundles had smooth surfaces and similar structural orientations to normal skin.…”

“…Compared to all hydrogel group, a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration could be seen in the control group on the day 7, this is because hydrogels have the potential to reduce inflammation and potentially regulate local immune responses [17]. In Masson's trichrome staining (Figure 7B), the blue color was the collagen and the red color was the keratin or muscle fibers [29]. In the 5/G hydrogel group, collagen fibers with higher density were distributed in the wound area at day 7 and day 21, the collagen bundles had smooth surfaces and similar structural orientations to normal skin.…”

Biodegradable MoOx@MB incorporated hydrogel as light-activated dressing for rapid and safe bacteria eradication and wound healing

“…It is worth mentioning that Kana is a common antibiotic used to treat diverse infections, especially in anti-infection treatment of the skin. 45 The treatment process and timeline of the hydrogel-based antibacterial therapy are shown in Fig. 7a .…”

“…Afterwards, Amp r E. coli suspensions (10 8 CFU mL −1 , 10 μL) were added to the wounds. After 24 h, the wounds of the mice were treated with PBS (10 μL), Kana (8 μg mL −1 , 10 μL), 45 pure hydrogel, MoO x @MB-hy + 660 nm, MoO x @MB-hy + 1064 nm and MoO x @MB-hy (dual lights). PBS and Kana solutions were directly dripped onto the wounds of the mice.…”

The versatility of carbohydrates in antimicrobial applications

“…[ 21 ] Very recently, our group also developed a black phosphorus nanosheet (BP‐NS) based targeting agent for healing wounds infected by notorious P. aeruginosa . [ 22 ] Glycocluster with terminal galactose has been successfully incorporated onto biocompatible BP‐NS and showed superb targeting effects toward P. aeruginosa . It is worthy to mention that the resulting nanomaterial also served as a platform for delivery and photothermal releasing of antibiotic kanamycin, demonstrating excellent synergistic effects once irradiated by near‐infrared laser (Figure 2).…”