Multi-Locus Sequence Typing and Drug Resistance Analysis of Swine Origin Escherichia coli in Shandong of China and Its Potential Risk on Public Health

Abstract

The extensive use of antibiotics has caused antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli and gradual expands it into a worldwide problem. The resistant E. coli could be transmitted to humans through animal products, thereby creating a problem for bacterial treatment in humans and resulting in a public health issue. This study aims to investigate the molecular typing and drug resistance of swine and human origin E. coli within the same prefecture-level cities of Shandong Province and the potential risk of E. coli on public health. The drug sensitivity results indicated that tetracycline (TE) (97.17%) is a major antibiotic with high drug resistance in 106 swine origin E. coli. There was a significant difference in the drug-resistant genotypes between the two sources, of which the blaTEM positive rate was the highest in the genera of β-lactams (99% in swines and 100% in humans). Among the 146 E. coli isolates, 98 (91.51% swine origin) and 31 (77.5% human origin) isolates were simultaneously resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics, respectively. The multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) results indicate that the 106 swine origin E. coli isolates are divided into 25 STs with ST1258, ST361, and ST10 being the dominant sequence analysis typing strains. There were 19 MLST genotypes in 40 strains of human E. coli from Tai'an, Shandong Province, with ST1193, ST73, ST648, ST131, ST10, and ST1668 being the dominant strains. Moreover, the cluster analysis showed that CCl0 and CC23 were the common clonal complexes (CCs) from the two sources. Our results provide a theoretical basis for guiding the rational use of antibiotics and preventing the spread of drug-resistant bacteria, and also provide epidemiological data for the risk analysis of foodborne bacteria and antimicrobial resistance in swine farms in Shandong Province.

Research Note: Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene analysis of Enterococcus faecalis in poultry in Tai'an, China

“…There, large-scale broiler breeding has involved high breeding density and, as a consequence, a variety of viral and bacterial diseases. Because the prevention and control of bacterial diseases has long relied on antibiotics, the extensive, long-term use of various antibiotics, especially for overdose, has increased drug-resistant bacteria and plagued China with some of the world's most intense bacterial resistance in livestock and poultry ( Li et al., 2022 , Song et al., 2020 , Wang et al., 2021 ). In turn, the ineffectiveness of antibiotics has increased the difficulty of preventing and controlling bacterial disease, raised the rate of frail chicks and mortality, and decreased both the feed conversion rate and production incomes.…”

Swine production: how sustainable is sustainability?

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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of ESBL-producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae from broiler chicken farms in Shandong Province, China

“…The increasing resistance of bacteria to broad-spectrum β-lactam and peptide drugs has attracted public attention ( Xiang et al, 2018 ; Song et al., 2020 ; Liu et al., 2021 ; Wang et al., 2021 ; Li et al., 2022 ). β-lactam drugs are the most commonly used drugs in clinical treatment of bacterial infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae, meaning that disease treatment has accelerated the process of bacterial resistance ( Rubin and Pitout, 2014 ; Lee et al, 2021 ).…”