Model Life Tables for Pre-Industrial Populations: First Application in Palaeodemography

Séguy, Isabelle; Buchet, Luc; Bringé, Arnaud

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6424-1_4

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Corollary results are presented for the age-specificity of linear enamel hypoplasias in the central Illinois River valley. However, these approaches are not measures of association that can identify mortality's covariance with skeletal lesions and, in the case of life tables, leads to an over-parameterization given the size and quality of data derived from most death assemblages (Konigsberg and Frankenberg, 2002;Frankenberg and Konigsberg, 2006;S eguy et al, 2008). These findings highlight the need to effectively operationalize measurements related to health and stress in past populations and support the adoption of selective mortality and heterogeneity in frailty as key concepts in bioarcheological research.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To identify age distribution differences between skeletal samples, researchers have often employed the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, abridged life tables and other statistics. However, these approaches are not measures of association that can identify mortality's covariance with skeletal lesions and, in the case of life tables, leads to an over-parameterization given the size and quality of data derived from most death assemblages (Konigsberg and Frankenberg, 2002;Frankenberg and Konigsberg, 2006;S eguy et al, 2008). As the previously cited and current research demonstrates, age-at-death estimation and the analysis of mortality patterns in association with a single or suite of skeletal lesions will potentially uncover heterogeneity in frailty and meaningful relationships between early childhood stress and longevity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Paradox and promise: Research on the role of recent advances in paleodemography and paleoepidemiology to the study of “health” in Precolumbian societies

Wilson

2014

American J Phys Anthropol

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Bioarcheology has made tremendous strides since the subdiscipline's inception, subsequent syntheses, the standardization of data collection methods, and analytical advances ranging from molecular analyses through age-estimation and biodistance. Concurrently, health and the adaptive success of past populations have remained primary concerns. However, questions are routinely raised about lesions and whether or not changing frequencies are synonymous with increases or decreases in stress, morbidity, and overall health. These include how and why healed lesions can simultaneously represent stress and survival, demanding that researchers understand how population dynamics influence skeletal sample formation. In this study, methods to analyze age- and sex-specific mortality patterns prior to, and in conjunction with, the analysis of linear enamel hypoplasias are demonstrated. Paleodemographic and paleoepidemiological models are presented for late Pre-Columbian skeletal samples from the Eastern Woodlands. Results of hazard modeling demonstrate that elevated mortality rates were commonplace during the latter half of the Mississippian period (AD 1200-1450) with reproductive-age females experiencing high age-specific risk of death attributed to the development of fortified villages and novel environments for increased pathogen loads. Corollary results are presented for the age-specificity of linear enamel hypoplasias in the central Illinois River valley. The epidemiological models demonstrate that the relationship between adult mortality and early childhood stress varied through space, culture, and time. These findings highlight the need to effectively operationalize measurements related to health and stress in past populations and support the adoption of selective mortality and heterogeneity in frailty as key concepts in bioarcheological research. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:268-280, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Paradox and promise: Research on the role of recent advances in paleodemography and paleoepidemiology to the study of “health” in Precolumbian societies

Wilson

2014

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…None of these populations had a life expectancy at birth of less than 30 years; the parameters for populations with a lower life expectancy at birth are extrapolated. Considering this fact and the huge change in mortality pattern in the last two centuries, Séguy et al developed a set of mortality models for preindustrial populations, taking into account theoretical growth rates which can be applied in palaeodemographic approaches (Séguy et al 2008;Séguy and Buchet 2013), as well as in other fields of research. These statistical and pre-statistical life tables characterizing the mortality of preindustrial populations are called the "preindustrial standard".…”

Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Trends in Roman Demography and Empirical Approaches to the Dynamics of the Limes Populations

Séguy

2019

Computational Social Sciences

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Based on the three principal and inevitably incomplete information sources on ancient historical demography, and taking into account the particularities of the populations living around the Limes Germanicus, a largely male population of soldiers and migrants, this chapter examines the factors that may have influenced their dynamics over the short, medium and long term. It also looks at the possible consequences of increased pressure on the environment, heightened risk of epidemics linked to the rise in population concentration, long-distance communication and adverse climate changes observed from the second half of the second century AD. The proposed empirical approach aims to shed light on the factors that shaped the dynamics of these very specific populations over the long term.

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“…one that will not grow or decline) in which fertility is exactly at the replacement level. Many palaeodemographers have assumed stationarity for pre-industrial societies (Séguy et al, 2008) since maximum population size is determined by the availability of food. When a population grows too large, famine will strike and the balance will be restored.…”

Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Dynamics of Demography in the Dutch Roman Limes Zone

Verhagen¹,

Joyce²,

Groenhuijzen³

2016

Multi-, Inter- And Transdisciplinary Research in Landscape Archaeology

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In this paper we present the first results of a study that aims to better understand and model the size and development of population in the Dutch Roman limes zone, as part of a larger research project investigating the development of the cultural landscape in the area. Earlier estimates of population size have only used general assumptions based on settlement density and supposed Roman army recruitment requirements and have not considered in any detail the factors influencing population growth and decline. This paper first presents the existing evidence for estimating population size in the area and then discusses the evidence for mortality and fertility estimates in the Roman period, necessary to better understand the large-scale demographic processes involved. From this evidence, new estimates for population size in the Early and Middle Roman period are calculated, using agent-based modelling to better understand the dynamics of population growth and the effects of recruitment of soldiers by the Roman army. It is concluded that earlier calculations underestimated the potential for population growth as well as the effect of forced recruitment on demography.

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Model Life Tables for Pre-Industrial Populations: First Application in Palaeodemography

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Paradox and promise: Research on the role of recent advances in paleodemography and paleoepidemiology to the study of “health” in Precolumbian societies

Paradox and promise: Research on the role of recent advances in paleodemography and paleoepidemiology to the study of “health” in Precolumbian societies

Current Trends in Roman Demography and Empirical Approaches to the Dynamics of the Limes Populations

Modelling the Dynamics of Demography in the Dutch Roman Limes Zone

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