Microwave magnetoelectric effects in single crystal bilayers of yttrium iron garnet and lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate

Abstract

The first observation of microwave magnetoelectric (ME) interactions through ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in bilayers of single crystal ferromagnetic-piezoelectric oxides and a theoretical model for the effect are presented. An electric field E produces a mechanical deformation in the piezoelectric phase, resulting in a shift δH E in the resonance field for the ferromagnet. The strength of ME coupling is obtained from data on δH E vs E. Studies were performed at 9.3 GHz on bilayers of (111) yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films and (001) lead magnesium niobatelead titanate (PMN-PT). The samples were positioned outside a TE 102 -reflection type cavity. Resonance profiles were obtained for E = 0-8 kV/cm for both in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic fields H. Important results are as follows. (i) The ME coupling in the bilayers is an order of magnitude stronger than in polycrystalline composites and is in the range 1-5.4 Oe cm/kOe, depending on the YIG film thickness. (ii) The coupling strength is dependent on the magnetic field orientation and is higher for out-of-plane H than for in-plane H. (iii) Estimated ME constant and its dependence on volume ratio for the two phases are in good agreement with the data.

Voltage control of magnetism in multiferroic heterostructures

“…The lowest FMR frequency is 1.75 GHz at zero electric field, and the highest is 7.57 GHz at 6 or 8 kV cm −1 . The total electrostatically tunable FMR frequency range is 5.82 GHz which is about two orders of magnitude higher than other reported values [35]. This large enhancement in resonance frequency upon applying electric fields also can be interpreted by equations (2.1) and (2.…”

“…These tunable multiferroic heterostructures and devices provide anisotropy determines the tunability of microwave performance. However, the demonstrated tunable range of most of these devices has been very limited, with a frequency tunability f less than 150 MHz and a low tunable magnetic resonance field of H less than 50 Oe [8,35]. This is mainly due to the large loss tangents at microwave frequencies of the two constituent phases, which need to be optimized in all aspects, including individual magnetic phase, such as magnetostriction and magnetization, piezoelectric phase, mode of coupling and the way magnetic field and electric field are applied in order to achieve strong ME coupling.…”

Electrical tuning of magnetism in Fe3O4/PZN–PT multiferroic heterostructures derived by reactive magnetron sputtering

“…However, the tunable ranges of most demonstrated microwave multiferroic devices are still quite limited. 9,19,20 Recently, we reported a giant electric field tuning of magnetic anisotropy in layered multiferroic heterostructures derived by a wet chemical spin-spray process at 90°C, showing a large electric field tuning of ferromagnetic resonance ͑FMR͒ field up to 600 Oe in Fe 3 O 4 /PMN-PT at microwave frequency, corresponding to a ME coefficient of 67 Oe cm/ V, and displaying potential applications for microwave tunable devices. 22 In this work, an alternative growth method of reactive magnetron sputtering was employed to deposit crystalline magnetite film on ͑011͒ cut single crystal PZN-PT at room temperature.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Multiferroic composites consisting of ferro/ferrimagnetic and ferroelectric phases are widely recognized to be able to realize electric field control of magnetic order due to its strong strain mediated magnetoelectric ͑ME͒ coupling resulting from the inversed piezoelectric effect and piezomagnetic effect. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Several multiferroic heterostructures have been known to show large electrical field manipulation of magnetism, such as FeGaB/Si/PMN-PT ͑lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate͒, yttrium iron garnet ͑YIG͒/PMN-PT and YIG/BSTO ͑barium strontium titanate͒, 8,10,11,20,21 which show great prospects for E-field tunable magnetic devices. However, the tunable ranges of most demonstrated microwave multiferroic devices are still quite limited.…”

Electrostatic tuning of ferromagnetic resonance and magnetoelectric interactions in ferrite-piezoelectric heterostructures grown by chemical vapor deposition

“…2 This work focuses on converse ME effects by electrostatic tuning of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in ferrite-ferroelectric composites. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The piezoelectric strain due to an electric field E manifests as an internal magnetic field in the ferromagnetic phase that causes a frequency shift Df or a field shift DH in the FMR or hybrid modes, with the strength of ME interaction A defined by A ¼ Df/E (or DH/E). Earlier studies of this type primarily focused on epoxy bonded layered composites [5][6][7][8] or polycrystalline ferromagnetic films deposited on ferroelectric substrates.…”