Metschnikowia bicuspidata and Enterococcus faecium co-infection in the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Two Vibrio splendidus related strains collaborate to kill Crassostrea gigas: taxonomy and host alterations

“…For instance, the akoya-virus infection in the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii induced necrosis, atrophy, swelling and vacuolisation of the muscle fibres of the adductor, foot, and pallial muscles (Miyazaki et al 1999, Miyazaki et al 2000. Co-infection of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii by the yeast Metschnikowia bicuspidata and the bacteria Enterococcus faecium led to important edema and liquefactive necrosis in abdominal, pereipod and pleopod muscles (Chen et al 2003). In several other bacterial models, muscular lesions seem to be either secondary lesions (Schaible et al 1989, Ling et al 2000 or consequences of an action of the pathogenic bacteria on other organs (Hund 2001), whereas in the 31+ 32 infection model, no other organ appeared damaged.…”

Upregulation of actin-like gene expression in giant freshwater prawns Macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with Metschnikowia bicuspidata

“…Diseased prawn samples (body weight 5 to 8 g, body length 8 to 10 cm) were collected for molecular analyses from 4 prawn farms (10 prawns were randomly selected from each farm) during disease outbreaks in 2001 (Chen et al 2003). Infection with Metschnikowia bicuspidata was confirmed by sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA and histopathological examination in diseased prawn tissues (Chen et al 2003).…”

“…The purified isolate derived from infected prawns in this study was as described by Chen et al (2003) and labeled Metschnikowia biscupidata AOD081MB.…”

“…Subsequently, 20 prawns with similar body length ranges were evenly divided into 2 groups: the Treatment Group and the Control Group. Ten-fold serial dilutions of the purified pathogen, isolate AOD081MB (Chen et al 2003) (optical density [OD] = 1 at 620 nm), were prepared in sterile normal saline (0.85% NaCl). Each prawn in the Treatment Group was injected intramuscularly (IM) with 0.1 ml of the diluted pathogen (approximately 1 × 10 7 AOD081MB), whilst the Control Group was injected IM with 0.1 ml of sterile normal saline.…”

“…As identification of pathogenic yeast species based on cellular morphology and biochemical tests are often strain-specific (Lu et al 1998), molecular approaches such as those based on the 26S rDNA gene (Kurtzman & Robnett 1997) are more useful. We used both approaches to identify individual species from coinfections of Enterococcus faecium and Metschnikowia bicuspidata in M. rosenbergii (Chen et al 2003). However, the host response to M. bicuspidata infection and the mechanism of yeast pathogenicity have not been studied.…”