Yeast Biodiversity in Freshwater, Marine and Deep-Sea Environments

Candida andamanensis sp. nov., Candida laemsonensis sp. nov. and Candida ranongensis sp. nov., anamorphic yeast species isolated from estuarine waters in a Thai mangrove forest

“…The type strain is RV5 Yeasts in the genus Candida are distributed widely in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats. In aquatic habitats, Candida strains have been found in fresh water, estuarine water and sea water (Cooke et al, 1960;Hagler & Ahearn, 1981Spencer & Spencer, 1997;de Almeida, 2005;Butinar et al, 2005;Nagahama, 2006;de García et al, 2007;Limtong et al, 2007Limtong et al, , 2008Boonmak et al, 2009;Limtong et al, 2010). Mangrove forests, or intertidal forests, are plant communities in saline coastal habitats distributed over a wide range of geographical zones (Aksornkoae, 1999).…”

Dipodascus tetrasporeus sp. nov., an ascosporogenous yeast isolated from deep-sea sediments in the Japan Trench

“…The availability of only a single isolate from a deep-sea sediment cannot be viewed as evidence that this is the true habitat of the species, although the ability to grow at very low temperatures (,4 u C) could be regarded as a relevant property. Psychrotolerance was common among the other yeast species isolated from same sampling area (A. pullulans, C. pseudolambica and R. mucilaginosa) around the north-western Pacific Ocean (Nagahama, 2006). A. pullulans and R. mucilaginosa have also been reported from PCR-based or culture-based studies in deep-sea hydrothermal vents (Edgcomb et al, 2002;Gadanho & Sampaio, 2005;Ló pez-García et al, 2007).…”

“…The Japan Trench arose from the subduction of the Pacific plate under the North American plate and is well known as the site of the deepest chemosynthesis-based communities, originating from cold methane seeps (Fujikura et al, 1999). One yeast isolate possessed characters typical of the genus Geotrichum Link: Fries, whereas the others were identified as Aureobasidium pullulans, Candida pseudolambica and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, which have often been found in deep-sea environments around the north-western Pacific Ocean (Nagahama, 2006). On the basis of 18S rDNA and 26S rDNA D1/D2 region sequences, as well as morphological and physiological features, strain SY-277 T is described as a member of a novel species, which we name Dipodascus tetrasporeus sp.…”

Rhodotorula portillonensis sp. nov., a basidiomycetous yeast isolated from Antarctic shallow-water marine sediment

“…It has been largely shown that yeasts inhabit several marine environments, such as coastal, estuarial, offshore and deep-sea habitats, among others Nagahama, 2006;Fell, 2012;Nagano & Nagahama, 2012). However, the Antarctic marine ecosystem remains largely unexplored and few studies have investigated the yeasts that inhabit the Antarctic seas.…”

“…However, the Antarctic marine ecosystem remains largely unexplored and few studies have investigated the yeasts that inhabit the Antarctic seas. To date, yeasts from the genera Candida, Cryptococcus, Cystofilobasidium, Guehomyces, Leucosporidium, Metschnikowia, Mrakia, Rhodosporidium, Rhodotorula, Sympodiomyces, Sakaguchia and Sporopachydermia have been isolated from seawater, marine sediments, invertebrate organisms and algae, among other Antarctic marine environments (Nagahama, 2006;Kutty & Philip, 2008;Shivaji & Prasad, 2009;Loque et al, 2010;Hua et al, 2010;Song et al, 2010;Buzzini et al, 2012;Vaca et al, 2013). The importance of the study of Antarctic marine yeasts has been pointed by genus-wise distribution studies, which showed that marine yeasts from Antarctic oceans have the least similarity compared with the yeast biodiversity from the other oceans (Kutty & Philip, 2008).…”