Methylmethacrylate Monomer in Intraocular Lenses of Polymethylmethacrylate

Preparation and properties of morphology controlled poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) double networks for biomedical use

“…Although before washing a low intensity band of the unreacted C@C at ca. 1638 cm À1 was seen in the first network of PHEMA, the absence of this band in the pre-washed ones indicates that no reactive centers remain, which ensures a good chemical compatibility and lack of cellular toxicity [22]. Compared with PHEMA first network as a control, the absorption bands at approximately 1656 cm À1 are the characteristic bands for hydrophilic amide group, which demonstrates that the second component of PVP has indeed been introduced.…”

Improving the Loading and Release of NSAIDs from pHEMA Hydrogels by Copolymerization with Functionalized Monomers

“…The removal of unreacted monomers during the boiling and washing steps was confirmed by lack of visualization, in the last washing solutions, of their UV characteristic absorption band around 190–250 nm. This indicates that no reactive centers remain in the discs and ensures a good chemical compatibility and lack of cellular toxicity 30. All discs featured the bands characteristic of pHEMA: mainly, hydroxyl groups at 3330–3440 cm −1 , CO amide and ester groups at 1727 cm −1 , and ether groups at 1250–1075 cm −1 ,31 but no other bands specific of VP or APMA were visible in the spectra owing to their relatively low percentage in the hydrogels.…”

Neutral red assay of the cytotoxicity of fluorocarbon-coated polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lenses in vitro

“…15,16 Leaching studies are widely used to assess the cytotoxicity of new IOLs in order to detect the presence of unbound monomers or any other potentially toxic extractables. 17 Aside from unbound MMA monomer from the PMMA IOLs, the UV-absorbing IOLs currently being manufactured contain a variety of organic chromophores that, in sufficient concentration, can exert a cytotoxic effect on the intraocular contents as well as possible photosensitizing effects. 21,22 Most leaching studies are conducted on IOLs after laser damage.…”

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16] Bioassay systems with mouse L-929 fibroblasts or other cell populations have been used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of IOL leachables. 17,18 Their criteria are usually based on the microscopic morphological cell examination. To add a quantitative parameter to these assays, we can associate a neutral red extraction and spectrophotometric absorption procedure, which is based on the uptake of a vital dye by a given population of viable cells.…”