Abstract:The current health crisis caused by coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) and associated pathogens emphasize the urgent need for vaccine systems that can generate protective and long-lasting immune responses. Vaccination, employing peptides, nucleic acids, and other molecules, or using pathogen-based strategies, in fact, is one of the most potent approaches in the management of viral diseases. However, the vaccine candidate requires protection from degradation and precise delivery to the target cells. This can be achiev… Show more
“…Figure 1 shows some properties of major lipidic delivery systems. Lipidic nanocarriers are composed of natural, synthetic, or physiological lipid/phospholipid materials [ 8 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Classification Of Lipidic Vaccine Carriersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One of the potential ways for delivery of plasmid-based vaccines, protein-based vaccines, and conventional vaccines is the use of lipid-based vehicles [ 7 ]. Lipidic delivery systems include bilayer lipid vesicles, such as liposomes, nanoliposomes, archaeosomes, vesicular lipid gels, immunovesicles, lipospheres, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), tocosomes, and some other micro- and nanocarrier systems [ 8 ]. The use of lipidic structures ( e.g., liposomes, virosomes, immune-stimulating complexes, gas-filled microbubbles, and emulsions) was efficient for the mucosal delivery of antigens, and the induction of local and systemic immune responses in preclinical and clinical trials [ 9 ].…”
Lipidic carriers are composed of natural, synthetic, or physiological lipid/phospholipid materials. The flexibility of lipid-based delivery systems for transferring a variety of molecules such as immunomodulators, antigens, and drugs play a key role in design of effective vaccination and therapeutic strategies against infectious and non-infectious diseases. Genetic and subunit vaccines are two major groups of promising vaccines that have the potential for improving the protective potency against different diseases. These vaccine strategies rely greatly on delivery systems with various functions, including cargo protection, targeted delivery, high bioavailability, controlled release of antigens, selective induction of antigen-specific humoral or cellular immune responses, and low side effects. Lipidic carriers play a key role in local tissue distribution, retention, trafficking, uptake and processing by antigen-presenting cells. Moreover, lipid nanoparticles have successfully achieved to the clinic for the delivery of mRNA. Their broad potential was shown by the recent approval of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. However, size, charge, architecture, and composition need to be characterized to develop a standard lipidic carrier. Regarding the major roles of lipid-based delivery systems in increasing the efficiency and safety of vaccine strategies against different diseases, this review concentrates on their recent advancements in preclinical and clinical trials.
Graphical Abstract
“…Figure 1 shows some properties of major lipidic delivery systems. Lipidic nanocarriers are composed of natural, synthetic, or physiological lipid/phospholipid materials [ 8 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Classification Of Lipidic Vaccine Carriersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One of the potential ways for delivery of plasmid-based vaccines, protein-based vaccines, and conventional vaccines is the use of lipid-based vehicles [ 7 ]. Lipidic delivery systems include bilayer lipid vesicles, such as liposomes, nanoliposomes, archaeosomes, vesicular lipid gels, immunovesicles, lipospheres, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), tocosomes, and some other micro- and nanocarrier systems [ 8 ]. The use of lipidic structures ( e.g., liposomes, virosomes, immune-stimulating complexes, gas-filled microbubbles, and emulsions) was efficient for the mucosal delivery of antigens, and the induction of local and systemic immune responses in preclinical and clinical trials [ 9 ].…”
Lipidic carriers are composed of natural, synthetic, or physiological lipid/phospholipid materials. The flexibility of lipid-based delivery systems for transferring a variety of molecules such as immunomodulators, antigens, and drugs play a key role in design of effective vaccination and therapeutic strategies against infectious and non-infectious diseases. Genetic and subunit vaccines are two major groups of promising vaccines that have the potential for improving the protective potency against different diseases. These vaccine strategies rely greatly on delivery systems with various functions, including cargo protection, targeted delivery, high bioavailability, controlled release of antigens, selective induction of antigen-specific humoral or cellular immune responses, and low side effects. Lipidic carriers play a key role in local tissue distribution, retention, trafficking, uptake and processing by antigen-presenting cells. Moreover, lipid nanoparticles have successfully achieved to the clinic for the delivery of mRNA. Their broad potential was shown by the recent approval of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. However, size, charge, architecture, and composition need to be characterized to develop a standard lipidic carrier. Regarding the major roles of lipid-based delivery systems in increasing the efficiency and safety of vaccine strategies against different diseases, this review concentrates on their recent advancements in preclinical and clinical trials.
Graphical Abstract
“…Lipid-based nano-systems such as liposomes have extensively been explored in the design and development of therapeutics as well as vaccines. They are one of the most promising approaches in nanotechnology designed for encapsulating as well as the targeted release of antigens in vaccine development ( Raoufi, Bahramimeimandi, Salehi-Shadkami, Chaosri, & Mozafari, 2021 ). Their use in developing vaccines received an increased level of attention after their immunomodulatory actions were discovered.…”
Section: Nano-based Strategies For Covid-19 Vaccine Developmentmentioning
“…According to the administration route ( Figure 7 ) and to achieve particularly in vivo performance and clinical applications, specific aspects of nanocarriers such as composition, size, surface charge, and coating need to be tuned [ 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 ].…”
Section: Lipid-based Nanocarriers For Delivery Of Arv Agentsmentioning
Since HIV was first identified, and in a relatively short period of time, AIDS has become one of the most devastating infectious diseases of the 21st century. Classical antiretroviral therapies were a major step forward in disease treatment options, significantly improving the survival rates of HIV-infected individuals. Even though these therapies have greatly improved HIV clinical outcomes, antiretrovirals (ARV) feature biopharmaceutic and pharmacokinetic problems such as poor aqueous solubility, short half-life, and poor penetration into HIV reservoir sites, which contribute to the suboptimal efficacy of these regimens. To overcome some of these issues, novel nanotechnology-based strategies for ARV delivery towards HIV viral reservoirs have been proposed. The current review is focused on the benefits of using lipid-based nanocarriers for tuning the physicochemical properties of ARV to overcome biological barriers upon administration. Furthermore, a correlation between these properties and the potential therapeutic outcomes has been established. Biotechnological advancements using lipid nanocarriers for RNA interference (RNAi) delivery for the treatment of HIV infections were also discussed.
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